The aim of the paper is to present flood risk analysis procedures and specially developed techniques for the assembly of flood hazard, danger and flood risk maps. Methods related to flood risk management plans are briefly mentioned as well. The following particular problems are discussed in more detail: an application and extension of the "danger matrix" approach, the definition of residual danger, the formulation of efficiency criteria and preliminary multi-criteria flood risk assessment. These issues were tested in practical applications at pilot locations in the Czech Republic. Present experience provides evidence that the flood risk analysis methods used in the Czech Republic are in harmony with the requirements of the Flood Risk Directive. The proposed and applied methods are based primarily on existing available data such as flood extent maps, cadastral maps, the Register of Census Districts and Structures and others.
Článek popisuje stanovení hydrodynamického zatížení přelévané mostovky, které je způsobeno prouděním vody v jejím okolí. Kvantifikace tohoto zatížení je důležitým vstupem pro statické posouzení mostní konstrukce v případech, kdy nelze vyloučit, že hladina v korytě toku dosáhne minimálně úrovně spodní hrany mostovky. V tomto případě bylo pro stanovení hydrodynamického zatížení využito modelu proudění vody s volnou hladinou ve 2D vertikální rovině, pro jehož numerické řešení byl využit software ANSYS Fluent 15.0. Pro zohlednění turbulencí proudu byl aplikován standartní k-ε model. Výsledkem výpočtů jsou hodnoty horizontální silové složky hydrodynamického zatížení působící na mostovku a z ní odvozené hodnoty tvarového součinitele. Dosažené výsledky byly porovnány s již provedenými měřeními na fyzikálním modelu a s výsledky publikovanými v dostupné literatuře.
The floods in the Czech Republic in the last few decades have resulted in a significant number of bridges having to be rebuilt. Unfortunately, the work meant long‐term traffic closures for railway bridges, coupled with significant costs for renovation and for providing alternative transport services. As a result, the minimum clear headroom above the design flood level required for new bridges and for reconstructing existing bridges has been increased. This initiated a search for new approaches to designing individual parts of bridge crossings, aiming to comply with the stricter conditions. The research aims to decrease costs in comparison with the costs of raising the finished grade level of the railway, especially at places where adjacent sections such as railway stations etc. are connected.
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