Recently, several in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated promising results about the use of photodynamic therapy during root canal system disinfection. However, there is no consensus on a standard protocol for its incorporation during root canal treatment. The purpose of this study was to summarize the results of research on photodynamic therapy in endodontics published in peer-reviewed journals. A review of pertinent literature was conducted using the PubMed database, and data obtained were categorized into sections in terms of relevant topics. Studies conducted in recent years highlighted the antimicrobial potential of photodynamic therapy in endodontics. However, most of these studies were not able to confirm a significant improvement in root canal disinfection for photodynamic therapy as a substitute for current disinfection methods. Its indication as an excellent adjunct to conventional endodontic therapy is well documented, however. Data suggest the need for protocol adjustments or new photosensitizer formulations to enhance photodynamic therapy predictability in endodontics.

The use of low-level laser as light source did not promote major improvement on radiographic and histological repair, but since the number of inflammatory cells slightly decreased, it may optimize repair by modulating inflammatory process. PDT may be indicated as an adjunct to conventional endodontic therapy for teeth with apical periodontitis, in association with an interappointment dressing with CH, in an attempt to produce better conditions to stimulate repair.

Acne scars are one of the most common skin diseases and can affect people’s quality of life, so it has increased the search for treatments that can reduce or solve this imperfection. Several studies have been proposed with different onliest or combined therapies, including microneedling associated with PRP. The main objective of this study was to describe a clinical case of a treatment of post acne scars through the microneedle associated with PRP and iPRF activated with oZônio. The results showed improvement in texture and softening in post acne scars. It can be concluded that microneedle treatment associated with ozone-activated PRP and is safe and efficient in the treatment of post-acne scars.

Nowadays, with technological advances in implantology and knowledge of healing patterns after tooth extraction, rehabilitations of patients with immediate esthetic needs, with adequate success rates and favorable esthetic outcomes, are a reality. However, case selection criteria should be followed to ensure high-quality functional and esthetic results and a good prognosis, particularly in patients with unfavorable gingival phenotype. This report describes a three-year clinical and cone beam computed tomography followup of post extraction immediate dental implant placement in the aesthetic region (teeth #11 and #21), provisionalization using the crown of the freshly extracted natural teeth, subsequent rehabilitation and threeyear follow-up. Results are compared with findings reported in recent studies, and the ideal treatment to maintain gingival architecture is discussed.

Objective: To evaluate the use of optic fiber and different pre-irradiation times (PIT) in phototherapy with LED for the root canal disinfection of bovine teeth infected in vitro with Enterococcus faecalis. Methodology: The teeth were incubated for 60 days and divided into six groups according to disinfection protocol: Group 1 -distilled water; Group 2 -1 minute PIT and no optic fiber; Group 3 -1 minute PIT and optic fiber; Group 4 -5 minute PIT and no optic fiber; Group 5 -5 minute PIT and optic fiber; Group 6 -2% sodium hypochlorite. Microbiological test (CFUs counting) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of proposed treatments. Results: SEM analysis of canal wall, in the three thirds, revealed group 6 had the best results, whereas microbiological results revealed that group 6 had the best results. No differences in disinfection of root canals were found when optic fiber was used for photodynamic therapy. Conclusion: Photodynamic therapy should not be used alone in the disinfection of root canals, but it may be valuable as a complement for disinfection performed using different cleaning methods. Análise comparativa de redução microbial usando terapia fotodinâmica em dentes bovinos infectados com Enterococcus faecalis -um estudo in vitro RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar, in vitro, o uso da fibra óptica e diferentes tempos de pré-irradiação (PIT) na terapia fotodinâmica para a descontaminação do canal radicular de dentes bovinos infectados com Enterococcus faecalis. Metodologia: Os dentes foram incubados por 60 dias e divididos em 6 grupos de acordo com o protocolo de descontaminação: Grupo 1 -água destilada; Grupo 2 -1 minuto de pré-irradiação sem fibra óptica; Grupo 3 -1 minuto de pré irradiação com fibra óptica; Grupo 4 -5 minutos de pré-irradiação sem fibra óptica; Grupo 5 -5 minutos de pré-irradiação com fibra óptica; Grupo 6 -hipoclorito de sódio 2%. Teste microbiológico (contagem de UFCs) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) foram realizados para avaliar a eficácia dos tratamentos propostos. Resultados: A análise em microscopia electronica de varredura das paredes do canal radicular, nos três terçoes, bem como a análise microbiológica, revelou que o grupo 6 obteve o melhor resultado no processo de descontaminação. Não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes na desinfecção do canal radicular comparando o uso ou não da fibra óptica. Conclusão: Terapia fotodinâmica isoladamente não deveria ser utilizada na desinfecção do canal radicular, mas pode ser uma alternative viável como complemento a partir da utilização de diferentes métodos de limpeza.