Today, the sustainability challenge has become a relevant issue in the fashion industry. However, given that the request for sustainability is relatively new in this industry, empirical research that could guide companies towards supply chain sustainability is lacking. This study aims to deepen the understanding of the main strategic approaches to sustainability used in fashion supply chain management (SCM). Ten case studies were examined in terms of the practices that characterise these approaches. Moreover, contextual factors, drivers and barriers that support or hinder different approaches were identified. To accomplish this goal, both environmental sustainability and social sustainability were investigated, and all the areas of fashion SCM (i.e. new product development, source, make, deliver, retail, return, governance) were considered simultaneously to offer a wide overview of this industry's sustainability issue.

Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to examine which environmental and social sustainability practices companies in the Italian fashion industry adopt and how these companies communicate their sustainability commitment through their corporate websites. Design/methodology/approach -The multiple case studies approach was selected and the practices of 12 companies in the Italian fashion industry were investigated. Findings -The findings showed that four different approaches in the field of sustainability practices and web-based communication are available within the Italian fashion industry (i.e. low commitment, high commitment, low disclosure, high marketing) by highlighting the alignment (i.e. fit or misfit) among these dimensions and by discussing the practices as well as the drivers/barriers of each approach. Originality/value -The paper contributes to the literature by deepening the understanding of both the environmental and social dimensions of the sustainability issue. Moreover, the work investigates the relationship between sustainability practices and web-based sustainability communication, a topic that has not yet been addressed in the current literature.

We used the dynamic capabilities approach to study environmental sustainability and development in the fashion industry. To achieve green transformation, companies need to develop effective dynamic capabilities, which entails changing their current organizational design by realigning their activities, partnerships, and routines with the changed external environment. By means of three case studies, we identified the components of dynamic capabilities that can be instrumental in companies' innovation and adaptability toward sustainability goals. In particular, we examined how companies sensed market opportunities and threats, seized such opportunities, and reconfigured their internal assets. We also investigated how structural changes in these firms reflected their strategies for supporting sustainability development.

Sustainability has become a critical issue for the fashion industry globally. The question of how sustainability-related issues are regarded and implemented within this industry has been covered in recent studies, but there is still no overall perspective on the way these matters are being introduced throughout the entire supply network. This study examines how several focal Italian fashion companies are changing their image and practices to address sustainability concerns and how they are extending these initiatives to their suppliers and retailers. This analysis is based on various research methodologies, involving multiple case studies, secondary data analyses and mystery shoppers