There is: (1) strong evidence (level 1) on efficacy of local and oral steroids; (2) moderate evidence (level 2) that vitamin B6 is ineffective and splints are effective and (3) limited or conflicting evidence (level 3) that NSAIDs, diuretics, yoga, laser and ultrasound are effective whereas exercise therapy and botulinum toxin B injection are ineffective.

Pre-operative physiotherapy in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty does not improve impairment and health-related quality of life after intervention. Physiotherapy and educational therapy may be useful for end-stage osteoarthritis.

This review highlights the validated goniometer apps that physiatrists and other health care practitioners can use with confidence in research and clinical practice. We found 12 apps corresponding to these criteria, but there is a need for validation studies on available or new apps focused on goniometric measurement in dynamic conditions, eg, during gait or when performing therapeutic exercises.

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Shoulder pain is a common reason for consultation in general practice, with a 1-year prevalence ranging from 5% to 47% in the general population. 27Rotator cuff tendinopathy is the most common nontraumatic shoulder painful condition and affects about 20% of the population, with increasing prevalence over the course of aging. 28,33 The condition is characterized by a combination of pain and rotator muscle weakness, resulting in substantial limitations in overhead motor tasks and impairments in everyday activities. 26 The etiopathogenesis of rotator cuff tendinopathy is likely multifactorial and results from the participation of intrinsic (eg, changes in tendon collagen, proteoglycans, vascularity, and cellular- T T METHODS:Ninety-two patients with rotator cuff tendinopathy and pain lasting for at least 3 months were recruited from the outpatient clinic of