Paca (Cuniculus paca) has encouraged research as an experimental model both in the human medicine and veterinary, as well as the economic exploitation of its meat cuts, which favored its zootechnical use. There are no anatomical, microscopic descriptions and measurements of the larynx in this rodent. Eight pacas were dissected from the wild animal’s sector of the Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences of the University of the State of São Paulo. The larynx was observed located in the ventral region of the neck, ventral to the esophagus, connecting the pharynx to the trachea, with cylindrical and irregular shape. Laryngeal cartilages (epiglottic, thyroid, cricoid and arytenoid) are interconnected and have different shapes. Thyroid showed greater length and width, compared to the others. Laryngeal cartilages were submitted to histological processing and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome. The epiglottic cartilage was stained with toluidine blue. Laryngeal cartilages thyroid, cricoid and the lower portion of the arytenoids are of hyaline origin and, in contrast, the epiglottis and the upper portion of the arytenoids are elastic. This latter cartilage demonstrated taste buds. The results will be able to auxiliate in veterinary care and as well as the conservation programs for this rodent.

Diversas afecções orais podem acometer a espécie canina e felina, causando comprometimentos locais e sistêmicos. Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi realizar estudo retrospectivo de 385 casos atendidos no setor cirúrgico de Odontologia de Pequenos Animais da Universidade de Franca, enfatizando os de fístulas infraorbitárias, fraturas dentárias e ósseas e neoplasias e, ademais, relacioná-los com a resenha dos pacientes (sexo, espécie, idade e raça) e tipo de alimentação. Os resultados foram expressos em percentuais. Das 385 fichas odontológicas, 30 pacientes foram diagnosticados com fístulas infraorbitárias (7,8%), 25 com fraturas dentárias (6,5%), 26 com fraturas ósseas (6,8%) e 28 com neoplasias (7,3%). Conforme descrito na literatura científica, não houve diferença significativa quanto ao gênero dos acometidos por todas as afecções orais. A espécie canina foi a mais afetada e a maioria dos pacientes era adultos a idosos. Os sem raça definida e os Poodles foram os mais acometidos. Quanto ao tipo de alimentação fornecida, a maioria era ração comercial; em contrapartida, grande parte oferecia ração comercial acrescida de comida caseira, o que pode predispor e agravar algumas enfermidades orais. Perante a metodologia preconizada e os dados obtidos, pode-se inferir que as fístulas infraorbitárias, fraturas dentárias, fraturas ósseas e neoplasias são comumente diagnosticadas em animais de companhia, principalmente em cães idosos e pequenos, podendo gerar danos locais e sistêmicos. A alimentação errônea pode predispor enfermidades orais; assim a divulgação aos tutores quanto aos cuidados odontológicos pode melhorar a qualidade de vida e sobrevida dos cães e gatos.

No abstract

Periodontal disease (periodontitis) is an oral condition characterized by the involvement of the periodontium, that is, structures that protect and support the teeth. It is commonly diagnosed in small animals, especially in the elderly, and is a frequent cause of tooth loss in both dogs and cats. The etiological factor of periodontal disease is the organized sub-and supragingival plaque and numerous factors are responsible for the predisposition of the disease such as age, race, size and immunity of the patient. The symptomatology of the affected animals varies according to the degree of involvement of the disease, but they usually include halitosis, hyperemia, bleeding and gingival retraction, odontoliths, contact gingival ulcers, furcation exposure and tooth loss. The diagnosis is based on history, complete anamnesis, thorough examination of the oral cavity associated with extra and intraoral x-rays. The periodontal treatment has the purpose of eliminating the causal agent, removing dental stones, tooth extractions and polishing the remaining dental elements. In addition to local changes, periodontal disease can cause systemic damage, due to the rich vascularization of the periodontium and tooth movement in the tooth socket, allowing bacteria and their metabolites to enter the lymphatic and blood vessels during patient chewing, causing organ failure. In view of the high incidence of periodontal disease in pets and the consequent local and systemic changes, the objective of the current work was to carry out a bibliographic survey on this oral condition in dogs and cats, highlighting the damage to other organs due to bacteremia. In this context, the scientific literature emphasizes that the systemic immune response secondary to bacteremia predisposes the formation of immune complexes in the bloodstream that adhere to the walls of the endothelium causing local inflammation and endothelial lysis of the heart, kidneys, liver, lungs, bones, among others, reflecting on diverse symptomatology. Thus, it is assumed that early diagnosis and treatment of periodontal disease can prevent the establishment and local progression of oral disease and, consequently, systemic impairments that directly affect the quality of life and survival of the affected.

RESUMO As dermatofitoses são micoses superficiais provocadas por dermatófitos dos gêneros Trichophyton, Epidermophyton e Microsporum, sendo este último, o mais prevalente entre os gatos. O diagnóstico deve ser baseado em exames complementares clínicos e laboratoriais. Diante da elevada incidência de dermatofitoses nos animais domésticos associado ao caráter zoonótico envolvido nesta afecção dermatológica, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a incidência de dermatófitos em felinos atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade de Franca, no período de abril a novembro de 2010, além de comparar os resultados obtidos no exame clínico e nos laboratoriais e fornecer orientações aos tutores envolvidos quanto à transmissão da doença. Assim, foram incluídos no estudo 35 felinos, de diferentes raças, idade e sexo, os quais foram submetidos a exame cutâneo clínico com lâmpada de Wood e laboratoriais convencionais. Todos os participantes foram negativos perante o exame clínico, porém três animais (8,57%), aparentemente assintomáticos, foram positivos para Microsporum canis (dois machos) e Trichophyton rubrum (uma fêmea) nos testes laboratoriais. Diante da metodologia preconizada e dos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que a dermatofitose pode ser diagnosticada em felinos sem lesões cutâneas aparentes, portanto os testes cutâneos micológicos devem ser incluídos na rotina de exames complementares durante os atendimentos de animais desta espécie, visto que os gatos são os principais reservatórios e fonte de infecção e que a lâmpada de Wood INCIDENCE OF DERMATOPHYTES IN FELINES ATTENDED IN VETERINARY HOSPITAL OF UNIVERSITY FRANCA (UNIFRAN-SP) ABSTRACT Dermatophytoses are superficial mycoses caused by dermatophytes Trichophyton of genres, Epidermophyton and Microsporum, the latter being the most prevalent among cats. The diagnosis should be based on clinical and laboratory exams. Such high incidence of dermatophytoses in domestic animals associated with zoonotic involved in this dermatological condition, this study aimed to evaluate the incidence of dermatophytes in cats treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Franca, in the period April-November 2010, beyond to compare the results of the clinical examination and laboratories and provide guidance to tutors involved regarding the transmission of the disease. So were included in the study 35 cats of different breeds, age and sex, which were submitted to clinical skin examination with Wood lamp and conventional laboratory. All participants were negative before the clinical examination, but three animals (8.57%) were apparently asymptomatic positive for Microsporum canis (two males) and Trichophyton rubrum (a female) in laboratory tests. Faced with the recommended methodology and the results obtained, it can be concluded that the ringworm in cats can be diagnosed without any apparent skin lesions, so the mycological skin tests should be included in routine exams for animal calls of this kind, as the cats are the main reservoir and source of infection...