Early intratreatment DW imaging has the potential to allow prediction of treatment response at the primary site in patients with HNSCC.

MR imaging is comparable to CT for the detection of necrosis. The sensitivity of MR imaging and CT is better than that of US.

Oestrogen stimulates proliferation of thyroid cancer cells, associated with increase in Bcl-2 and decrease in Bax levels in an ERK1/2-related pathway. Imbalance between ERalpha and ERbeta may contribute to thyroid carcinogenesis.

Single ADC measurements pre- or intra-treatment did not predict response, but ADC post-treatment was a marker for LF. Serial change in ADC was an even stronger marker, when using an early or late treatment fall in ADC to identify LF.