A review of the main modern achievements is presented in development, production and application of UV bactericidal lamps and irradiating installations with their use to disinfect water, air and surfaces. It is shown that LIT NPO takes a worthy place among most large-scale global manufacturers of such lamps and installations.

<p> The paper analyses safety providing of standard designing live loads for the bridges in Russia, United States and Europe. It shows that Russian and USA codes have approximately similar safety providing of these standards, but code of European Union has too high one.</p>

<p>The following topic is analyzed in this study: risks of exceeding the required levels of load capacity of reinforced concrete bridge superstructures due to the variability of operational traffic loads on bridges. Decrease of load capacity during operation is mainly due to the corrosion wear of the working reinforcement. The following types of risks of loss or decrease of load capacity are considered:</p><p>undesirable – when restriction of the traffic on the bridge or reducing its durability is required; unacceptable – when termination of traffic on the bridge is necessary</p><p>critical - the danger of a catastrophic collapse with possible human victims.</p><p>During the entire period of operation, the exceedance probability of operating loads should not be lower than the one of the design load at the final stage of the bridge service.</p>