We present a method that allows for a quantitative measurement of the surface self-diffusion on nanostructures, such as nanoparticles, at the atomic scale using aberration-corrected high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The diffusion coefficient can be estimated by measuring the fluctuation of the atom column occupation at the surface of Au nanoparticles, which is directly observable in temporal sequences of HRTEM images. Both a Au icosahedron and a truncated Au octahedron are investigated, and their diffusion coefficients are found to be in the same order of magnitude, D = 10(-17) to 10(-16) cm(2)/s. It is to be assumed that the measured surface diffusion is affected by the imaging electron beam. This assumption is supported by the observed instability of a (5 × 1) surface reconstruction on a {100} Au facet.

No abstract

No abstract

Sunfire commercially distributes products for various markets (SOFC, SOEC and Co-SOEC) with its stack and system technology. To achieve an ideal tradeoff between cost, performance, and degradation for its customers, Sunfire’s stack design is continuously being improved. In this publication, latest results that resulted in a decrease of the combined life cycle costs (€ kW-1 h-1) of approx. 40% and cost projections for large scale production will be presented. Furthermore, recent changes in automation and industrial scale-up that lead to a current annual production volume of >10MW and next steps to further increase this value will be shown. Last but not least, updates on the recent development for Sunfire’s products Home, Remote and Hylink/Synlink will be given.