The relevance of the research is environmental management is the basis for natural resources conservation, environmental protection and environmental safety. Meanwhile, it is important to use the best available technologies for neutralization and processing of production and consumption waste in addition to observance of the legal and environmental rules. Waste management of production and consumption is one of the main directions of the transition to a circular economy and the use of low-waste and non-waste production, which has recently been actively demonstrated by developed countries. The main aim of extrusive processing of meat waste is considered. Extrusive processing of waste - an effective solution of problems of rational environmental management as allows to make in addition secondary resources products, thereby realizing the principles of economy of the closed cycle; and considerably to reduce environmental pollution due to refusal of burning and waste disposal of livestock production and the meat-processing enterprises. Subject, tasks and methods of a research is processing of meat waste which call still biological waste and which are formed, generally in livestock production and at the meat-processing enterprises. One of perspective technologies of high-quality processing of waste is extrusive processing. Research results confirm that In Russia outdated neutralization and recycling of agro-industrial waste technologies lead to the loss of resources. Moreover they have a significant negative impact on the environment. This article deals with the method of extrusion recycling of meat waste. Extrusion recycling of waste is an effective solution to the environmental management problems, as additionally it allows to produce products from secondary resources, thereby the principles of closed-cycle economy are implemented, and significantly reduce environmental pollution by eliminating the burning and disposal of animal waste and meat processing plants. Thus, use of extrusive technologies will allow not only to make waste products, to get additional profit, but also to prevent pollution of air, water and land resources harmful substances, providing thereby rational environmental management, and will form a basis of transition to circular economy which formation is impossible without environmental safety.
Введение: экономика замкнутого цикла является основой сохранения природных ресурсов, защиты окружающей среды и обеспечения экологической безопасности. При этом, кроме соблюдения законодательных и экологических норм, большое значение имеет использование наилучших доступных технологий обезвреживания и переработки отходов производства и потребления. Обращение с отходами производства и потребления является одним из главных направлений перехода к экономике замкнутого цикла и использованию малоотходного и безотходного производства, что в последнее время активно демонстрируют развитые страны. Одной из перспективных технологий высококачественной переработки отходов является экструзионная переработка. Предмет, задачи и методы исследования: экструзионная переработка отходовэффективное решение проблем рационального природопользования и формирования экономики замкнутого цикла, так как позволяет дополнительно производить продукцию из вторичных ресурсов и значительно снизить загрязнение окружающей среды за счет отказа от сжигания и захоронения отходов животноводства и мясоперерабатывающих предприятий, обеспечивая тем самым экологическую безопасность производства. В данной статье рассматривается метод экструзионной переработки мясных отходов. Результаты исследований: в Российской Федерации устаревшие технологии обезвреживания и переработки отходов агропромышленного комплекса приводят к потере ресурсов и оказывают значительное негативное воздействие на окружающую среду. Использование технологий экструзионной переработки отходов позволяет не только производить продукцию из отходов и получать дополнительную прибыль, но и предотвращать загрязнение воздушных, водных и земельных ресурсов вредными веществами, обеспечивая тем самым рациональное природопользование, и обеспечивает основу перехода к циркулярной экономике, формирование которой невозможно без экологической безопасности. Ключевые слова: экструзионные технологии, экологическая безопасность, экономика замкнутого цикла, управление отходами.
The modern practice of defining administrative-industrial territories has formed the concept of «single-industry towns». Currently, there are many definitions of this phenomenon; however, the common criterion for classifying a town as a single-industry town is that its socio-economic development depends on the activities of one city-forming enterprise or several enterprises in the technological structure that operate within a single production and technological process. Such dependence for settlements with narrow specialization has a negative impact during the crisis situation at the enterprise or its liquidation. The negative consequences include a sharp increase in unemployment (including hidden one), aggravation of social problems, acceleration of population outflow to more developed cities/regions of the region/country, sharply reduced revenues to the local budget, which leads to the impossibility of independent development of the settlement. The problems of single-industry towns in the periods of economic crises are pronounced. Results. This paper has defined the criteria of single-industry towns, approaches to the identification of single-industry towns. In addition, the models and factors contributing to the sustainable socio-economic development of single-industry towns and domestic experience in the modernization of single-industry town settlements are identified.
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