Covid-19 has changed tourism significantly. Numerous research shows how various factors will affect travel after COVID-19. No doubt that tourism has become a major global industry with an annual average growth rate of 4-5%. It also creates 8% of the global GDP and 10% of employment. Yet it is also very vulnerable to crises of different origin such as natural disasters, epidemics, economic crises, political crises, terror, etc. Because tourism product (e.g. hotel beds, airline seats, restaurant tables, guide services) is perishable, unlike physical goods, they cannot be stored for future use. Past crises with few exceptions (e.g. 2008 Financial Crisis, 2014 Financial Crisis, the terroristic attack of airplane in Cairo 31st of October, 2015) had regional impacts and their global impact on tourism volume was limited. Yet, taking into account the speed and impact, Covid-19 is the most serious crises tourism industry has ever faced. This crisis is estimated to have a seven time larger impact on tourism than the 2008 Financial Crises. The effects of Covid-19 are expected to extend for two years and result in a decrease of 39-50% in global tourism volume. Tourism industry is expected to recover to 2019 pre-crises levels not before 2023.

The article deals with the analysis of the “subterfuge strategy”, ten tactics of its implementation in the novel by J. Heller “Catch-22”. The article focuses on the manipulative potential of these tactics and the language means used to carry it out. The “subterfuge” strategy is treated as a direct violation of the norms of interaction and the main principle of cooperation. Its main goal is to conceal the speaker’s true intention in communicative situations of rivalry, hiding the truth, accusation, threat, aggression, reproach, flattery, silencing, protecting one’s own interests and value orientations, misleading, etc . Pragmatically the “subterfuge strategy” incorporates the characteristics of various types of speech actions such as: assertives, directives, expressiives, commissives, orders, demands, etc. All of them convey specific psychological states of the interlocutors. The paper focuses on the implementation of the subterfuge strategy through ten tactics: tactics of ignorance; tactics of expressing open disrespect; tactics of attacking, intimidation (transition to personality); tactics of making aggressive remarks under the guise of a joke and irony; tactics of question-to-question response; tactics of the game on self-esteem; compromising and belittling tactics; tactics of accusation and provoking feelings of guilt; persuasion tactics; tactics of question attack.

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