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Three novel general experimental procedures for preparation of cationic, neutral dimethinehemicyanine and dimethine dyes (eight of which are unpublished) by uncatalysed Knoevenagel condensation have been developed. The proposed methods are versatile as a variety of different starting materials can be used and they ensure good to very high yields, very short reaction times and high purity of the final dyes. Absorption and fluorescent properties of the novel dyes were investigated.

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