The current study examines the empirical relation between energy consumption and industrialization concerning other macroeconomic variables like as infrastructure, manufacturing, and capital formation with covering the period from 1975 to 2018. The Johansen co-integration estimation asserts the long-run association in this process. Whatever granger causality shows the bidirectional causality between electricity consumption and industrialization. Capital formation and industrialization have the bidirectional causality also. A unidirectional causality exists between oil and industrialization where manufacturing and industrialization have bidirectional causality. The estimated result of the error correction mechanism (ECM) shows the speed of long-run equilibrium at 45% within the time. The ECT has been significant at a 1% level with a pessimistic sign. The assistances of this attempt ensuring the importance of energy use and energy supervision in the aspect of industrial enlargement with making an allowance for the other macroeconomic indicators.
The study has endeavored to investigate the urban development and its impacts on Tangail municipality, Tangail, Bangladesh. The factual data have been collected from secondary sources, while the perceptual data are based on survey questionnaires on the opinions of respondents. Data were collected through instant spot observation (transect survey) and in-depth consultation,
There are some positive ramifications of urbanization, along these lines, which incorporate the employment opportunities, innovative and infrastructural progressions, enhanced transportation, and correspondence. The betterment of clinical services and educational facilities in urban areas increase the living standard. Urbanization has negative outcomes on wellbeing due essentially to contamination and packed everyday environments. The ARIMA methodology has been used to forecast urban populations (% of total) in Bangladesh up to 2030. ARIMA method considers time-series data from 1972 to 2019 to estimate the forecasting. The current study estimates an increasing trend of urban populations in Bangladesh over time. This study has contributed to creating awareness in the case of the changing urban population.
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