Los primeros estudios que abordaron el rol de la estrategia en los procesos de transformación de firmasen declive revelaron que el cambio estratégico jugaba un rol central. Sin embargo, estos estudios demostraron tener deficiencias y limitaciones, principalmente metodológicas, lo cual originó un intenso debate respecto al papel de la estrategia. El presente trabajo revisa la literatura reciente y muestra que a lo largo de los años la investigación fue evolucionando e incorporando nuevos elementos e integrando distintos enfoques, generando así análisis más completos. Al ofrecer una visión amplia del tema, esta investigación puede ser útil en la práctica para los actores involucrados en intentos de recuperación de firmas en declive y para los académicos involucrados en su estudio. Así también, estos resultados complementan la literatura de fracaso empresarial.

No abstract

The software sector is of growing importance and, due to its degree of dynamism, the identification of capabilities for innovation is vital. This study identifies capabilities variables that distinguish Argentine software companies with high innovation results and high innovation impacts from those with lesser results and impacts. It is applied to a sample of 103 companies, a measurement model and the component variables of an innovation degree index for software companies (INIs) formulated in previous studies. A Principal Component Analysis and a biplot are conducted. In the analysis of results and impacts, 100% of the variability within the first two components is explained, which shows the high correlation between variables. From the biplots, it appears that companies with high results have higher degrees in the variables of motivation, strategy, leadership and internal determinants; and those with high impacts present higher degrees of structure, strategy, leadership, free software and innovation activities. The findings add elements to the theory of capabilities for innovation in the software sector and allow us to consider the relative importance of different capabilities variables in the generation of innovation results and impacts.

RESUMENEl presente trabajo surge de una investigación exploratoria que tiene como principal objetivo "medir" el nivel de innovación de empresas intensivas en el uso de tecnología en la región centro de la provincia de Buenos Aires. Se enumeran los pasos a seguir en la operacionalización de dicho concepto, para concluir en un índice que da cuenta sobre el nivel de innovación de estas empresas. Se muestra el detalle de la construcción de este índice considerando variables de distintas escalas y con distinto grado de importancia y resaltando las decisiones a tomar en dicho proceso.Palabras-clave: Estadística. Índice. Cultura. Innovación.

The objective of this paper is to identify the relevant aspects studied in connection to the diversification of the family business that develops its activity in a business environment with unstable characteristics, considering those socio-emotional aspects that are particularly important for the family owner, and that could impact this election. The review reflects that research on the topic is in an incipient state. Studies conducted in the context of Taiwan predominate - where it is customary to establish business groups supported by strong links generated from a dominant family - and the strategic option of diversifying has been strongly associated with the purpose of securing family ownership and continuity in the business through generational transfer, dimensions that make up socio-emotional wealth. This paper contributes to reflect on the influence that family objectives exert on business decision-making and highlights the need for further research on the reasons behind the strategic choices of these organizations in different emerging markets.