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In this research, Uranium ( 238 U), Thorium ( 232 Th) and Potassium ( 40 K) specific activity in (Bq/kg) were measured in (12) different types of wheat flours that are available in Iraqi markets. The gamma spectrometry method with a NaI(Tl) detector has been used for radiometric measurements. Also in this study we have calculated the radiation hazard indices (radium equivalent activity and internal hazard index) and Ingestion effective dose in all samples. It is found that the specific activity in wheat flour samples were varied from (1.086 ± 0.0866) Bq/kg to (12.532 ± 2.026) Bq/kg, for

The effect of low exposure doses of gamma ray at doses of 0.055 Gy, 0.11 Gy and 0.165 Gy on the some hematological parameters of albino female rats were investigated. At the end of exposure periods and Blood samples were collected for analyses. The results obtained when increases of gamma ray doses of rats caused significant, p ≤ 0.05, decrease in the RBCs, Hb and Ht%. Also it was found elevation in MCV and MCH with increased exposure dose as well as significant decreases, p≤ 0.05, Platelets in decreasing with increasing of doses rate and while MCHC% did not change significantly. But it was found when increases of gamma ray doses of rats caused significant, p ≤ 0.05, decrease in WBCs count, lymphocytes count, monocytic, neutrophils, esinophiles and basophiles respective controls. These findings on the some hematological parameters suggest that the changes in blood parameters of the treated rats were due to the exposure of low doses of gamma ray.

Radioactivity in Food may be contaminated with radioactive materials due to the natural and a nuclear emergency. The vegetables and fruits will become radioactive by deposit of radioactive materials falling on that from the air or through rain water. The aims of the present work were to measure the specific activity and annual effective dose as a result of the intake of vegetables and fruits collected from local market in Najaf governorate. Natural radioactivity was measured in samples using gamma ray spectrometer in this study. The results show that the average specific activities in vegetables samples for 238 -1 , while the total average annual effective dose in vegetables samples for adults, children (10 years old) and infants is estimated to be 0.117, 0.122, and 0.179 mSv, respectively, while the total average annual effective dose in fruit samples for adults, children (10 years old) and infants is estimated to be 0.141, 0.295, and 0.388 mSv, respectively. The values found for specific activity and the annual effective dose in all samples in this study were lower than worldwide median values for all groups according to UNSCEAR (2000) and ICRP (1996) respectively; therefore, these values are found to be safe.Keywords: Natural Radioactivity. Vegetables and Fruits. Gamma ray spectrometer. Iraq food RESUMOA radioatividade em alimentos pode acontecer por meio de materiais radioativos, graças a ocorrências naturais e/ou nucleares. Legumes e frutas tornam-se radioativos por depósito de materiais radioativos que caem a partir do ar ou através da água da chuva. Os objetivos da presente pesquisa foram: medir a atividade específica e dose efetiva anual, como consequência da ingestão de frutas e legumes coletados de um mercado local na província de Najaf, Iraque. Neste estudo, a radioatividade natural foi medida em amostras utilizando espectrômetro de raios gama. Os resultados mostram que as atividades específicas médias em amostras vegetais para 238 U, 232 Th e 40 K foram 5,21, 4,76 e 186,15 Bq kg -1 e as atividades específicas médias para 232 Th, 40 K em amostras de frutas foram 2,53, 211,64 Bq kg -1 , enquanto que a dose média anual eficaz total em amostras de vegetais para adultos, crianças (10 anos) e recém-nascidos é estimada como sendo 0,117, 0,122, e 0,179 mSv, ao passo que a dose média anual eficaz total em amostras de frutas para adultos, crianças (10 anos) e recém-nascidos é estimada como sendo 0,141, 0,295, e 0,388 mSv, respectivamente. Os valores encontrados para essa atividade específica e a dose efetiva anual em todas as amostras neste estudo foram inferiores aos valores médios mundiais para todos os grupos de acordo com UNSCEAR (2000) e ICRP (1996), respectivamente; portanto, concluiuse que tais valores são considerados seguros.Palavras-chave: Radioatividade natural. Legumes e frutas. Espectrômetro de raios gama. Alimentos iraquianos.