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Inflammations are a predicament issue that leads to orthopaedic hard implants failure. Thereby, calcium phosphate platinum scaffolds possess anti-inflammatory properties, as powerful tools for successful bone regeneration. The effects of the platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) on the scaffold's degradation and proliferation and attachment were evaluated. The scaffolds degradation rates ranged between 50-75 % and 80-95% for Scaffold with and without PtNPs respectively. Moreover, the cells proliferation and attachment on CPs-PtNPs scaffold were superior to CPs scaffold. The results warranted that, the synthesized scaffolds exhibit good biocompatibility and in vitro biodegradation, and also, it could be a used as a substrate for PtNPs delivery.

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries.

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The derivation of the mean field limit equations for a unidirectional homogeneously broadened ring laser is based on the density matrix derivation of the induced atomic polarization. This approach utilizes phenomenological longitudinal and transverse relaxation rates γ11 and γ⊥, which are assumed to be independent of the values of the density matrix elements. This restriction may in some cases be unrealistic, especially in gaseous systems. It is well known that the collision cross-sections for atomic species such as Na are state dependent. These alterations are in fact responsible for effects such as laser induced diffusion[1],[2].