Background:Carcinomas of the thyroid follicular epithelium are the most common cancers of the endocrine system. In the diagnosis of thyroid nodules and tumors, the gold standard is histological evaluation. In cases which have morphological overlap, immunohistochemistry is needed for differential diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the expressions of CD56, HBME-1, cytokeratin 19 (CK19) antibodies in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and thyroid nodular lesions and their contributions to differential diagnosis.Materials and Methods:In this study, 47 PTCs (26 follicular variant, 21 classic type) and 26 benign thyroid lesions (15 nodular hyperplasia, 10 follicular adenomas, 1 Hurtle cell adenoma) were analyzed retrospectively. HBME-1, CK19, and CD56 antibodies were performed with immunohistochemical methods. The results were evaluated statistically.Results:+3 staining with HBME-1 and CK19 was observed in 72.3% and 83% of patients with PTC. In 95.7% of PTC cases, loss of CD56 expressions in various degrees was identified. A statistically significant difference was detected in HBME-1, CK19, and CD56 expressions between PTCs and benign lesions (P < 0.001).Conclusion:In our study, positive staining of HBME-1, CK19, and loosing expression of CD56 that supports malignancy was found and concluded that CD56 is a helpful antibody for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions and may increase the diagnostic accuracy when used with HBME-1 and CK19.

Objective: To evaluate the histopathological results of cases who presented with an eyelid mass and underwent mass excision. Methods:The histopathological results of 107 cases, who underwent eyelid mass excision between May 2011 and March 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Age and sex, mass localization, operative technique, and histopathological results were recorded.Results: Of 107 subjects included in the study, 61 were male and 46 were female, with a mean age of 49.44±19.81 years. The distribution of benign eyelid tumors were as follows: 37 (37.8%) squamous papillomas, 19 (19.4%) intradermal nevus, 9 (9.2%) seborrheic keratosis, 7 (7.1%) epidermal inclusion cyst, 6 (6.1%) inflammatory lesions, 5 (5.1%) suderiferous cysts, 5 (5.1%) capillary hemangiomas, 3 (3.1%) xanthelasma, 3 (3.1%) fibromas, 1 (1.0%) moll gland cyst, 1 (1.0%) chondroid syringoma, 1 (1.0%) dermoid cyst, and 1 (1.0%) actinic keratosis. Malignant eyelid tumors included 8 (88.9%) cases of basal cell carcinomas and 1 (11.1%) squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion:In this study squamous papilloma was the most common benign eyelid tumor followed by intradermal nevus. Basal cell carcinoma was the most common malignant eyelid tumor followed by squamous cell carcinoma.

No abstract

Echinococcus multilocularis (EM) is caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm. The main endemic regions for human alveolar echinococcosis are Central Europe, Russia, Turkey, Japan, China, Eastern France, North America. EM is an endemic disease in Turkey and especially common in the eastern Anatolia Region as seen in our case. The liver is the primary focus of the disease, cerebral localization is rare. Cerebral hydatid disease is approximately 5% of alveolar hydatid cases and generally considered to be fatal. Surgical treatment should be considerd whenever possible. We present a case of cerebral alveolar hydatid disease that was thought to be cerebral metastasis.

Reperfusion has always been "the emergency intervention" to ischemic tissue. For a given period of time, tissue injury due to ischemia and reperfusion is more serious than injury due to ischemia only. Groups were as: Group 1: 25 µg/kg dexmedetomidine + ischemia/reperfusion group. Group 2: 10 mg/kg yohimbine +25 µg/kg dexmedetomidine + ischemia/reperfusion group. Group 3: Ischemia/reperfusion (control) group. Group 4: Healthy rats. Rat ovaries were exposed to a 3-hour ischemia and then reperfusion ensured for 2 hours. After ischemia/reperfusion, total glutathione, malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxyguanine levels and histopathological investigation were studied. The highest total glutathione and the lowest malondialdehyde and DNA damage levels were determined in dexmedetomidine group when compared to control group. The difference between yohimbine + dexmedetomidine and the control group was insignificant. Dexmedetomidine protects the ovarian tissue of the rat from I/R injury. It is hypothesized that this protective effect of dexmedetomidine is mediated by the α-2 adrenergic receptors. Dexmedetomidine could be useful for attenuation of tissue damage after I/R and prevention of I/R-related complications.