In this study, we investigated the effects of sevoflurane and desflurane administration on the oxidant and antioxidant system in the brain of acute hyperglycemia in diabetic rats. In the study, 30 male Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into five groups. Diabetes was induced by administering a single dose of intraperitoneal streptozotocin (55 mg/kg) to rats except for the control group (C). To create acute hyperglycemia in diabetic groups, which were hyperglycemia (DH), desflurane (D), and sevoflurane (S) groups, 2.5 g/kg glucose was administered intraperitoneally. After glucose administration, desflurane 6% and sevoflurane 2.3% mixed with 4 L/min oxygen were administered for 2 hours, by which minimal alveolar concentration for rats would be one. Afterward, the animals were sacrificed, and their brain tissues were prepared for biochemical analysis. Catalase (CAT), glutathione-s-transferase (GST), paraoxonase (PON) activities, and TBARS levels were measured to determine oxidant and antioxidant status. GST activity was significantly lower in group D than in group DH (p=0.001). The PON activity was significantly lower in the D group compared with other groups (p