Abstract

Abstract

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In Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks, routing the data towards a destination node is the most fundamental task. Different routing protocols have been proposed considering specific appli cation and scenario characteristics. The constant change in the positions of the nodes make this task challenging. In the proposed work, a set of agents, here referred to robots, are made to converge towards each other and an external stimulus, fire, using software based sensors that detect heat without knowing prior positions of other robots and starting off at random positions. Agents use input from their peers to make and modify individual decisions which allows for better synergy, more informed and efficient path finding, collision avoidance, etc. For accomplishing this objective, Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO), a population based approach in solving optimization problems, requires an efficient routing protocol which is fast and reliable making the best use of the feeble hardware that comprise the robots. The robots require frequent communication with each other and they have performed well when paired with the routing protocol AODV as compared to DSDV and the simulations performed have given promising results.

Although kidney transplantation is a successfultreatment for end stage kidney disease, complications can occurthat include bleeding, vascular thrombosis, renal arterystenosis, ureteral stenosis, lymhocele, fever, rejection, etc. Posttransplant monitoring and prompt medical attention and earlytreatment will be decisive in a successful transplant andrecovery and this monitoring can be improved by great boundsusing wireless sensor networks. Nephrologists need real timedata to monitor various parameters of the patients for periodicmedical requirements. Some medications may be prescribed foronly 7 to 14 days, such as antibiotics. Others, like youranti-rejection medications are usually prescribed for lifetime.In case the data received has variations in the threshold value ofthe parameters, report is sent to doctor’s (nephrologist) PDAand nurse in charge for necessary action. In immaculatemedical assistance, consultants can rely on this extremely highpotential Intelligent Sensor Networks that provides nearaccurate pathological and physical parameters which areobtained from six wearable sensors namely creatinine,temperature, respiration, ECG, blood pressure, and heart ratethat are placed on the patient’s body which sends the senseddata through wireless network using E-AODV protocol to aPersonal Data Transceiver(PDT) and the nephrologist’s PDA