In a previous study, an analysis of 77 ampicillin-nonsusceptible (resistant plus intermediate categories) strains of Vibrio cholerae non-O1, non-O139, isolated from aquatic environment and diarrheal stool, showed that all of them produced a -lactamase with a pI of 5.4. Hybridization or amplification by PCR with a probe for bla TEM or primers for bla CARB gene families was negative. In this work, an environmental ampicillinresistant strain from this sample, ME11762, isolated from a waterway in the west region of Argentina, was studied. The nucleotide sequence of the structural gene of the -lactamase was determined by bidirectional sequencing of a Sau3AI fragment belonging to this isolate. The gene encodes a new 288-amino-acid protein, designated CARB-7, that shares 88.5% homology with the CARB-6 enzyme; an overall 83.2% homology with PSE-4, PSE-1, CARB-3, and the Proteus mirabilis N29 enzymes; and 79% homology with CARB-4 enzyme. The gene for this -lactamase could not be transferred to Escherichia coli by conjugation. The nucleotide sequence of the flanking regions of the bla CARB-7 gene showed the occurrence of three 123-bp V. cholerae repeated sequences, all of which were found outside the predicted open reading frame. The upstream fragment of the bla CARB-7 gene shared 93% identity with a locus situated inside V. cholerae's chromosome 2. These results strongly suggest the chromosomal location of the bla CARB-7 gene, making this the first communication of a -lactamase gene located on the VCR island of the V. cholerae genome.
The gene bla CARB-9 was located in the Vibrio cholerae super-integron, but in a different location relative to bla CARB-7 . CARB-9 (pI 5.2) conferred -lactam MICs four to eight times lower than those conferred by CARB-7, differing at Ambler's positions V97I, L124F, and T228K. Comparison of the genetic environments of all reported bla CARB genes indicated that the CARB enzymes constitute a family of cassette-encoded -lactamases.
Aims: Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictive peptide, and its activity is mediated by the type A receptor (EDNR A). This action may play a significant role in the etiology of hypertension. There are different works that shows an association between certain polymorphisms of endothelin axis and clinical phenotype of hypertension. We describe the genetic variability +138/ex1 Short Research Article
<p><strong>Antecedentes</strong>: Las infecciones son las complicaciones más frecuentes en los pacientes quemados. Los hongos filamentosos ocupan un lugar incierto dentro de las estadísticas nosocomiales; existen escasos datos sobre la prevalencia de las mismas, los agentes causales y el desenlace de los que las padecen.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Objetivos</strong>: El objetivo fue evaluar prevalencia de la infección por hongos filamentosos (IHF) en pacientes internados en la unidad terapia intensiva de quemados (UTIQ), revisar algunas características clínicas, epidemiológicas, microbiológicas y evolución de estos pacientes; conocer la frecuencia y distribución de las especies fúngicas aisladas.</p><p><strong>Materiales y métodos:</strong> Estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo. Se incluyeron todos los individuos que ingresaron a la terapia intensiva de pacientes quemados (2012-2015), con cultivo positivo para hongos filamentosos en biopsias de piel y escaras.</p><p><strong>Resultados</strong>: Un total de 168 de pacientes ingresaron en la unidad intensiva de quemados en un período de 3 años. El 17% desarrolló IHF (29/168) y el 90% fueron grandes quemados. Se recuperaron 29 hongos filamentosos (93% de exámenes microscópicos positivos): <em>Aspergillus </em>spp (24%), <em>Fusarium </em>spp (14%), <em>Mucor </em>spp (3%) y diversos géneros de hongos negros (58%). El 95% presentó entre 1 y 4 infecciones bacterianas además de la infección fúngica en piel. El 24% de los pacientes con IHF falleció. La causa de la muerte fue shock cardiogénico irreversible con falla multiorgánica.</p><strong>Conclusiones</strong>: La infección por hongos filamentosos se presentó en el 17% de los pacientes quemados. Los principales hongos causantes de infección fúngica fueron dematiáceos. La mortalidad entre los pacientes fue del 24%, siendo <em>Fusarium </em>el hongo hallado en el mayor número de muertes (50%).
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