One of the current major challenges in trauma surgery is the treatment of larger bone defects and cartilage damage caused by arthrosis or traumatic incident.In addition, various studies have already shown that progressing age correlates adversely with the repair and regeneration potential of the human body. 1,2 Furthermore, there is an increasing prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases in our ageing society. 3 As a result, interest in the therapeutic potential of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) has increased enormously in recent years. In this context, tissue replacement of bone and cartilage by using hBMSCs is a promising therapy option in regenerative medicine. However, while successful application of autologous MSCs has