Resistance in virus-infected stem cell transplant recipients illustrates the need for surveillance.

HIV-negative populations at risk for PJP can be identified. Conventional PCR increases diagnostic sensitivity but may detect asymptomatic colonization. Quantitative PCR demonstrates potential for distinguishing colonization from infection, but clinical validation is required. Serum (1→3)-β-D-glucan may be elevated in PJP, although standardized cut-off values for clinical infection have not been determined. Further validation of serum markers and molecular diagnostic methods is necessary for early and accurate diagnosis in non-HIV populations.

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is commonly performed, and several factors increase the

Readmissions and complications following cholecystectomy are common and associated with patient and disease characteristics.

No abstract