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Images of the earth’s surface captured by radiometric detectors on air-borne (satellite) sensors were employed in geologic reconnaissance survey. They were used to study rock units, pattern and trends of geologic structures on the surface in 2D. Multispectral resolution Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (Landsat-8 OLI), have nine spectral band with spatial resolution of 30 m (bands 1 to 7, and 9) and 15 m for band 8. The aim of this research is to discriminate lithological units/complexes and delineate fractures (lineaments), hence, only bands 2 to 7 were used for this study. This technique was used to discriminate existing lithological units and identify major and minor extensive geologic structures within the study area. These selected bands were selected, grouped and combined (Band Combination (BC)) and processed for interpretation using applicable Software Packages. Hence, for each procedure and maximum clarity in the output of results, three bands were combined for each analytical process. Bands 4,3,2; 6,5,4; 7,5,3 were combined for Natural Colour Composite (NCC), False Colour Composite (FCC) and Principle Component Analysis (PCA) respectively. The results revealed two distinct lithological Complexes due to their similarities in appearance and differences in mineralogical compositions. SRTM-DEM was used to highlight the topography showing the lowest relief at the northeast and the highest relief at the south east. More so, elongated ridges of intermediate-high reliefs were exposed at the southern part of the study area trending NW-SE. A lineament map and Rose plot shows dominant trend of fractures to be NNW-SSE, NW-SE, N-S,

The characterization of lithofacies of the Yolde Formation at Briyel town in the Gongola Sub-basin of the Northern Benue Trough indicated coarsening upwards cycles composed transitional succession of six lithofacies that comprises of trough cross-beds, planar cross-beds, massive beds, ripple laminations, parallel laminations and mudstone. This coarsening and thickening upward symmetry is defined by a densely bioturbated mud dominated lower part transitionally grading into heterolithic interval composed thinly bedded sandstone and mudstones both of which developed below fair-weather wave base. This is capped by a succession of moderately bioturbated trough-planar crossbedded sandstone with poly-directional paleocurrent system. These assemblages reflect shoreface deposits and devoid of hummocky cross-stratification therein may account for a moderate wave oceanographic system. Evolution of this setting in the Gongola Sub-basin is indicative of a scenario of a broaden coastline in the coastal palaeogeography of the Yolde Formation typically suppressing due to frictional damping.

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