India is one of the leading producers of sugar and rice, hence agricultural waste is generated in huge quantities in India leading to potential disposal problems without effective management techniques. However, the economic importance of this solid waste has been realised with several applications like adsorbents, filters, ceramics, briquettes, bricks, and blocks and soil amendment activities. Cement is one of the most universally used material. Cement production is an environmental threat as well as the production cost is also very high. Manufacturing of cement and its use is also one of the causes of global warming Environmentalists and Researchers around the world are searching for better options to replace cement As cement replacement materials mineral admixtures are nowadays gaining mileage as they address two problems. First is the waste management of agricultural wastes, which causes air pollution due to open air burning and the second is reducing the demand for cement. Hence in addition to reducing the cost it also reduces the hazardous effect that it has on the environment. In general, the particle size of these admixtures play an important role in making the concrete dense, but low particle size leads to increased surface area and more requirement their surface area increases and workability reduces. Hence to make the concrete workable the water requirement also increase [1].Generally the water requirement or the water cement ratio for normal concrete is between 0.35 to 0.5 , depending on the cement content and the mix design . For high strength concrete where the quantity of cement increases the water cement ratio also increases. But in concrete with mineral admixtures the water cement ratio is more than 0.6. The present paper deals with the water requirement for the concrete with cement replacement with mineral admixtures , The two types of admixtures water requirement of concrete with partial replacement of cement with sugarcane bagasse ash and rice husk ash in different proportions of 5 % , 10%, 15% , 20%, 25% and 30 % , earlier as a binary mix replacing the mineral admixtures individually and later together as a ternary mix using both the mineral admixtures together. The results indicate increase in water content with the increase in cement replacement proportions in both the binary and ternary mix . The increase in water content does not hamper the compressive strength of the binary and ternary mix , but in some cases increases it.
‘Urbanization is the new life nowdays. We cannot change or reverse it. That’s why going green is the only option. As a responsible citizen, it is our duty to the next generation we know cement is one of the most crucial element so try to replace whereas possible because Concrete is the second most-used substance on Earth after water and it's responsible for eight percent of the world's carbon footprint, Ekkomaxx cement, magnesium oxychloride cement, geopolymer cement, ferrocrete, calcium sulfoaluminate cement, and sequestrated carbon cement these are some examples of green cement. some products already commercialized and used in some projects but a number of these cements have not been utilized broadly in construction projects but possess great potential to be used’. The scope of the study is to product-based approaches can deliver substantial additional reductions in their global CO2 emissions, reducing the need for costly investment in carbon capture and storage (CCS) over the next 20–30 years: Increased use of low-CO2 supplements (SCMs) as partial replacements for Portland cement clinker.
Static analysis is a simplified method of analysis in which the effect of an immediate change to a system is calculated without regard to the longer-term response of the system to that change. This analysis also deals with calculating the shear force and bending moment parameters for structural members of a building[1]. ETABS stands for Extended 3Dimensional Analysis of Building Systems and is a product of Computers and Structures Inc. It is engineering software that is used in construction for analysis and design of structural elements of a building. It has highly efficient structural analysis and design programs developed for catering to multi-story building systems[2][3]. Our project “Static Analysis of 23 storeys building in ETABS with geometric plan irregularities” is an attempt to analyse a multi storey building using ETABS software. Analysis is carried out by static method as per IS 456 and IS 875:1975 Part 3. The scope of the study is to produce good results of structural analysis of different structural elements of a high rise building.
During monsoons earth absorbs all the rain water that falls on its surface and hence results in g higher ground water table during monsoon to be utilized throughout the year. The increasing infrastructural demand due to growing population has further lead to concretization resulting in concrete jungles in urban areas. Not only buildings and commercial complexes but roads too are concreted. Over the last few decades by constructing impervious roads and highways man has interfered in this natural process due to which the water falling on ground does not percolate into the ground but it flows over roads causing floods and water logging. Every monsoon these are the common problems encountered everywhere in our country. Researchers globally have found a solution to this ever increasing problem of water logging and low water table due to lesser percolation. The present study focuses on both the problems, water logging and ground water recharge. Hence providing pervious concrete for the construction of roads and pathways in parks and jogging tracks can solve the problem to a certain extent. The present study focuses on reviewing the researches carried out so far on pervious concrete.
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