This paper addresses a viable single loop PID controller on the bases of optimization algorithms for parallelly connected DC-DC converters to improve current sharing, improve the systems dynamics and guarantee good steady-state performance simultaneously. Because of inconvenience and lack of accuracy of Ziegler-Nichols rule in tuning PID controller parameters, an optimized controller design strategy with the purpose of enhancing the system performance is introduced in this paper. The PID is tuned by the traditional Ziegler -Nichols technique along with three other different algorithms: Genetic algorithm, whale algorithm and grey wolf algorithm. A comparison has been established between these algorithms based on the objective function value, execution time, overshoot, settling time and current sharing. The simulation results were collected to authenticate effectiveness of the proposed techniques and to evaluate the advantages of these optimization algorithms over the traditional tuning method.

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Die Kinetik der Primärprozesse und die Art der Leitung an den Phasengrenzen des Systems Cu/Te‐Schicht/Elektrolyt (kathodische Abscheidung der Te‐Schichten auf Cu aus Na2TeO3‐Lösung beim pOH = 3.95) werden durch eine schnelle galvanostatische Rechtwinkel‐Pulsmethode untersucht.