Kenneth Hurd, DP7; MS, ATC2 Allan )ones, DPP Stephen Sprigle, PhDStudy Design: Single-group, repeated measures. Objectives: To investigate the relationship between tubing length and tubing tension for 6 colors of Thera-Band tubing (each color representing a different level of resistance) and to estimate the resistive shoulder toque provided during shoulder abduction exercise. Background: Thera-Band tubing is popular for providing resistance in rehabilitation strengthening programs. Unfortunately, it is difficult to compare use of elastic tubing with other resistance training methods because no published data exist on how much resistance is being provided during exercise.Methods and Measures: Nine male and 6 female subjects (age, 25.9 + 3.6 years; height, 173 z 10 cm) performed shoulder abduction, using 6 colors of tubing. A strain gauge attached at the fixed end of the tubing directly measured the tension generated during stretch. For each color of tubing, each subject momentarily held a position at 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, and 150" of abduction. Shoulder joint abduction, limb segment position, and tubing length were analyzed by means of the Peak Motion Measurement System. Simple linear regression equations predicted tubing tension from percent change in tubing length at the joint angle positions. A 2-way (5 X 6) repeated-measures ANOVA determined the mean differences in tubing tension across tubing colors at the shoulder abduction positions. Results: Strong linear relationships were found for each tubing tension when referenced according to changes in tubing length. Significant differences in tension were found for the various colon of tubing. The resistive torque curves for each color tubing were similar to isotonic exercise. Conclusiom: Thera-Band tubing provides linear resistance during shoulder abduction, but the resistive torque provided by the tubing mimics isotonic exercise. ) Orthop Sports Phys Ther l999;29:4 13620.

Transmigration is a rare occurrence relating to the movement of a mandibular canine across the mid-line of the mandible. Two cases are presented where patients referred for assessment of third molar problems subsequently revealed on radiological examination the asymptomatic phenomenon of transmigration. With dental panoramic radiography becoming more widespread among dental practitioners it is possible that more cases of transmigration will be observed.

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The correction of transverse maxillary deficiency can be an important component of an orthodontic treatment plan. A number of different techniques are available for the correction of such discrepancies. The aim of this article is to review the methods available to clinicians discussing their indications, advantages and disadvantages.

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