Devido às dificuldades para obtenção de sementes de boa qualidade fisiológica e de técnicas ideais para a reprodução seminífera, este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a eficiência da escarificação na superação da dormência de sementes de jatobá (Hymenaea oblongifolia e Hymenaea courbaril var. stilbocarpa). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições de 25 sementes. Os tratamentos adotados foram: sementes intactas (controle); escarificação mecânica com lixa d’água nº 100, do lado oposto ao embrião; e tratamento de escarificação com ácido sulfúrico (H2SO4) concentrado durante 30; 60; 90 e 120 minutos. A escarificação mecânica e escarificação química durante 30 e 60 minutos constituíram-se em tratamentos pré-germinativos eficientes na superação da dormência de sementes de Hymenaea oblongifolia e Hymenaea courbaril var. stilbocarpa
ABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to promote the establishment of an in vitro culture of Brassavola tuberculata, testing different concentrations of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) on multiplication and rooting, evaluating different substrates during acclimatization, as well as the effect of in vitro treatments. After germination, the seedlings of B. tuberculata were subjected to culture on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of NAA and BAP, and multiplication and rooting were assessed. During acclimatization, different substrates were tested: S1, Plantmax® and vermiculite (1: 1); S2, Plantmax® and grit (1: 1); and S3, dust fern. Also the effect of the in vitro culture treatments was evaluated: T1, control; T5, (2.5 µM NAA +5 µM BAP); and T7, (5 µM NAA + 0 µM BAP). The favorable balance of cytokinins promoted by treatment T5 yielded the largest number of shoots and leaves in B. tuberculata. The greatest length of leaves and roots, and highest root number were observed in the treatment T7, favored by the presence of auxin. This treatment had a positive effect with respect to plant acclimatization: T7 associated with substrate S1 provided the most suitable conditions for acclimatization of seedlings of B. tuberculata, providing greater number and length of leaves, and high survival rate.
The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, in Alegre, Espirito Santo state, Brazil, to evaluate the broccoli production depending on the seed production system and organic and mineral fertilization. Seeds of the broccoli cultivar Ramoso Piracicaba were originated from lots of seed obtained in an organic and conventional production system. The experimental design was of randomized blocks, with four replications in a factorial arrangement combination of the lots, 2x5 (organic and mineral fertilized seeds) and substrates [S1 (soil + sand + manure), S2 (soil + sand + manure + NPK), S3 (soil + sand + manure + Fertium® 10 g L-1), S4 (soil + sand + manure + Fertium® 30 g L-1) and S5 (soil + sand + manure + Fertium® 50 g L-1]. The analyzed variables were emergency, fresh and dry mass of aerial part, emergency speed and height of seedlings after 28 days of sowing, and plant diameter, leaf area, number of leaves, fresh and dry mass of aerial part, plant height, root volume, fresh and dry root mass, absolute and relative growth rates and increment to leaf area and plant height after 104 days. The emergency was similar in the different substrates; great vigor occurred on conventional seeds; the mineral fertilization increased the production of fresh mass of aerial part; the use of substrate containing soil, sand soil conditioner Fertium (30 to 50 g L-1) increased the volume, fresh and dry mass of roots and rate of increase in these variables.
RESUMO:A análise do potencial fisiológico de sementes é essencial para o conhecimento do desempenho do lote de sementes na fase de propagação. Considerado como um material de grande potencial de impacto ambiental, o lodo de esgoto vem se destacando como insumo agrícola, podendo conter diversos teores de nutrientes. Objetivou-se com este trabalho analisar o crescimento inicial de plântulas de cultivares de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) em substrato composto por biossólidos. Foram utilizadas sementes de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) das cultivares 'Cereja Carolina' e 'Cereja Samambaia' sobre seis substratos compostos com areia e lodo de esgoto, sendo: areia pura (testemunha); areia + lodo (20 t ha -1 ); areia + lodo (80 t ha -1 ); areia + lodo (160 t ha -1 ); areia + lodo (320 t ha -1 ); e areia + lodo (520 t ha -1 ). Cada parcela experimental foi composta por quatro repetições de 25 sementes. Foram analisados: emergência (%), índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE), comprimento de parte aérea (mm) e da raiz (mm), massas fresca e seca das plântulas (mg plântula). Verificou-se que a cultivar 'Cereja Samambaia' apresentou médias superiores à cultivar 'Cereja Carolina' para as variáveis massas fresca e seca das plântulas. A maior produção das massas fresca e seca ocorre com uso do lodo de esgoto na concentração entre 362 t ha -1 e 485 t ha -1 . Palavras-chave: Solanum lycopersicum L. Massa orgânica. Resíduo. Crescimento inicial. SUMMMARY:The analysis of physiological potential of seeds is essential to the knowledge of the seed lot performance in the propagation phase. Considered with a great potential environmental impact material, the sewage sludge has emerged as agricultural input, and may contain different amounts of nutrients. The objective of this work to analyze the initial growth of seedlings of tomato cultivars (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) in substrate composed of biosolids. Tomato seeds were used (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivars 'Cherry Carolina "and" Cherry Fern' over six substrates compounds with sand and sewage sludge, as follows: pure sand (control); sand + sludge (20 t ha -1 ); sand + sludge (80 t ha -1 ); sand + sludge (160 t ha -1 ); sand + sludge (320 t ha -1 ); and sand + sludge (520 t ha -1 ). Each plot consisted of four replications of 25 seeds. They were analyzed: emergency (%), emergency velocity index (EVI), shoot length (mm) and root (mm), fresh and dry weight of seedlings (mg seedlings). It was found that the cultivar 'Cherry Fern' showed average higher than the cultivar 'Cherry Carolina' for the variable fresh and dry weight of seedlings. The highest yield of fresh and dry weight occurs with use of sewage sludge in concentrations between 362 t ha -1 and 485 t ha -1 .
<p> A salinidade dos solos é um dos mais importantes fatores de estresse abiótico, afetando negativamente diversos aspectos da fisiologia e bioquímica das plantas. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito do pré-condicionamento de sementes de <em>Gallesia integrifolia </em>sob de estresse salino com nitrato de potássio (KNO<sub>3</sub>) e nitropurinato de sódio (SNP). As sementes foram tratadas através do pré-condicionamento de imersão em soluções com cinco concentrações de KNO<sub>3</sub> (0,0, 0,01, 0,1, 1 e 10 mg L-1) e de SNP (0, 0,01, 0,1, 1 e 10 mg L<sup>-1</sup>) por uma hora. Em seguida, as sementes foram distribuídas em folhas de papel filtro previamente umedecidos com soluções salinas em três potenciais osmóticos (0,0, -0,6 e - 1,2 MPa), sendo os rolos de papel mantidos em câmara de germinação do tipo BOD sob temperatura alternada de 20-30 ºC com fotoperíodo de 8/16 h durante 22 dias. Observou-se que o menor potencial osmótico acarretou redução das médias para todas as variáveis avaliadas. O potencial osmótico de -1,2 MPa influenciou negativamente a germinação e vigor de sementes de pau d’alho. KNO<sub>3</sub> e SNP na concentração de 1 mg L<sup>-1</sup> proporcionam redução do efeito salino nas sementes.</p>
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.