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Low-and middle-income countries involved in agro-industrial production and exporting agricultural products are facing a considerable number of barriers when trying to implement the development and growth strategies for this sector. Food security issues are strategic both in national and global context, which determines the relevance of this research. The study is aimed to analyze and compare the agricultural diversification strategies in low-and middleincome countries of Central Africa and America, Asia and Eastern Europe. Particular attention was paid to a number of East European countries involved in agro-industrial business and characterized by high soil fertility. These countries are actively implementing reforms to diversify the agro-industrial sector. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to analyze world and national agricultural markets. Countries' food security was assessed through the Global Food Security Index. A direct relationship between food and energy security of the countries under consideration was identified. The potential for the production of innovative types of alternative energy through the example of Russia were estimated. The research analyzes the competition between international agricultural holdings and private farming in low-and middle-income countries and builds a typical agro-industrial supply chain model. The results of the study can be applied for further researches in the field of food security in low-and middle-income countries and provide the analytical basis for the development of governmental decisions related to food security strategy and tactics.

The BRICS Group unites the most rapidly developing large countries, the trade and economic interaction between which can make a significant contribution to both the region’s and world’s development. The purpose of this article is to analyze the development of trade and economic interaction and logistics infrastructure in the BRICS countries, as well as to develop an analytical concept of the BRICS Digital Logistics Platform (DLP) as a tool for the BRICS development. The research methodology includes methods for statistical data analysis, a case study of the DLP development in the BRICS countries, an analysis of the existing definitions and methods for developing DLP, and methods of systemic analysis. The research results present the trade and logistics interaction between the BRICS countries. The level of logistics development in these countries is analyzed based on the World Bank Logistics Performance Index. The article highlights the existing restrictions for the expansion of the economic interaction between countries, one of which is the uneven development of the logistics infrastructure. The article states that the BRICS DLP can be a tool for overcoming the limitation of uneven logistics infrastructure and intensifying trade interaction between the BRICS countries. The experience of creating national DLPs in each of the BRICS countries is analyzed. It is shown that the BRICS countries cannot join one of the existing national DLPs because of the risks for the national sovereignty of the participants. Therefore, an original analytical description for the international BRICS DLP is proposed. It will focus on the simplicity and transparency of the interaction between all of the participants of trade and economic interactions at various levels, as well as on the reduction of economic and logistics risks.

The purpose of this study is to form a forecast of energy consumption at the global level in the long term, taking into account sectoral changes and the identification of possible deviation limits. Projections of total energy consumption at the global level, as well as by sector, were based on correlation analysis, autoregressive modeling, and cluster analysis. The scientific contribution of this study is the formed forecast of energy consumption by regions and sectors until 2050, which is supplemented by clustering. Based on the developed forecasts of global energy consumption with a geographical distribution, the simulated results show that there is a slight increase in energy consumption in Europe compared to the other regions under study. The most significant increase in energy consumption is predicted in the Middle East. The study indicates the risk of exceeding the volume of energy consumption compared to the forecasts of international organizations, which were formed in previous years. The clustering showed the possible stratification of the world community in the context of energy consumption, which signals the migration of values of countries in the context of energy supply and increasing sustainability of the external environment.

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