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Current findings support the relationship between early-onset AGA and unfavorable lipid profile and cardiovascular risk in affected females. Assessment and follow-up of these cases will allow early intervention to avoid cardiovascular complications.

Lactoferrin (LF) is an iron-binding globular glycoprotein that is structurally and chemically similar to serum transferrin. Many studies have been done to evaluate the effect of oral LF administration on iron deficiency anemia (IDA) with controversial results. This study was designed to compare the efficacy of LF versus oral ferrous sulfate (OFS) therapy in the treatment of children with IDA. A significant increase in mean hemoglobin and serum iron concentrations was noted in the group that received oral bovine LF (11.06 ± 0.96 and 42.79 ± 6.14, respectively) versus the group that received OFS (10.24 ± 0.57 and 28.94 ± 5.05, respectively, with p < 0.001 for each) after 30 days of the treatment with fewer side effects (9.3 vs. 33.3% with p = 0.043). Oral bovine LF is a more effective and safer alternative in treating iron deficiency and IDA compared with OFS with clinical benefits of fewer side effects and better patient compliance.

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Purpose This study aims to prepare low-cost biomaterials from renewable natural resources (rosin). Design/methodology/approach Preparation of different biomaterials, ethylene glycol maleic rosin (EGMR), glycerol maleic rosin, pentaerythritol maleic rosin and sorbitol maleic rosin (SMR) esters, then evaluated by stability studies, moisture absorption, swelling index parameters, thermogravimetric analysis and skin irritation studies. Findings The prepared rosin derivatives had excellent moisture safety, according to the results. From EGMR to SMR, the swelling indices increase. Research limitations/implications These rosin biomaterials were used in coating, especially in the field of pharmaceutical coating, and good results were obtained in this study. Practical implications As these biomaterials rosin derivatives have excellent moisture resistance, they are recommended for use as coating materials for moisture-sensitive drugs. Originality/value There has recently been a lot of interest in researching the effects of rosin derivatives in various drug delivery systems.