Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh harga bahan pangan terhadap perkembangan inflasi di Indonesia. Inflasi Indonesia menunjukkan pola yang menurun pada tahun 2017 sampai 2021. Analisis pengaruh harga bahan pangan terhadap perkembangan inflasi diperlukan untuk mengevaluasi perubahan harga bahan pangan penyebab dan kontribusinya terhadap inflasi. Harga bahan pangan berfluktuasi di tengah kondisi pandemi Covid-19 pada tahun 2020 sampai 2021 karena pembatasan wilayah dan mobilitas dapat mempengaruhi proses distribusi dan ketersediaan bahan pangan. Konsumsi bahan pangan memiliki proporsi yang cukup besar dari total konsumsi rumah tangga di negara berkembang, sehingga perubahan harga pangan akan berdampak pada kondisi perekonomian melalui mekanisme permintaan dan penawaran. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu regresi linier berganda. Data yang digunakan dalam analisis regresi linier berganda merupakan data sekunder harga bahan pangan yaitu harga beras, daging ayam, daging sapi, telur ayam, bawang merah, bawang putih, cabai merah, cabai rawit, minyak goreng, gula pasir dan inflasi periode Juli 2017 sampai Juli 2021. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahan pangan bawang merah, beras, daging sapi, dan minyak goreng memberikan pengaruh siginifikan dengan arah koefisien negatif pada inflasi yaitu cenderung terjadi deflasi pada pergerakan harga bahan pangan. Bawang putih, daging ayam, dan gula pasir memberikan berpengaruh positif pada peningkatan inflasi.

This study is aimed to determine the channels, margins, and the level of marketing efficiency of rice in Sragen used monopoly index (MPI) and market integration. This study used primary data obtained from direct interview, and secondary data obtained from related institutions. The rice marketing channels were obtained by surveys and interviews with the snowball sampling methods. The data were analyzed using marketing channels ranging from rice mills to consumers. The results show that there are four marketing channels of rice with the most on channels 3 about 53.3%. The first channel is the shortest channel with the lowest marketing margin, but it is inapporopiate to conclude that the first channel is the most efficient channel. The highest marketing margin of rice marketing channels is at the medium/large rice mills, while the lowest is at the wholesalers. The MPI value of collecting traders is 2.00; 2.32 for medium/large rice mills; wholesalers is 1.47; and 1.75 for retailers. The comparison of MPI in each marketing institution shows that medium/large rice mill dominate rice marketing in Sragen. The correlation analysis of 0.952 means a “very strong” correlation between price at rice mills level and price at consumers level. Based on the marketing efficiency analysis using MPI and market integration, it shows that marketing of rice in Sragen has been integrated and efficient. The research recommends further analysis of rice marketing in other areas for rice marketing for rice mills or rice traders in Sragen.

Cassava and sweet potato are important commodities in Indonesia. They have a role as carbohydrate sources and industrial commodities. Climate factors are environmental production factors that are the most difficult to be controlled. However, climate changes that are happening have certainly made the situation worse. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of climate change from climatic factors of temperature, humidity, rainfall, rainy days, and solar exposure on cassava and sweet potato production in Indonesia. This study collected climate factor data from the Indonesian Central Statistics Agency and the Central Statistics Agencies of 34 Indonesian provinces. The study concluded that climatic variables such as temperature, humidity, rainfall, rainy days, and solar exposure affect cassava and sweet potato production at 18% and 26%, respectively. The climatic factors simultaneously significantly affect cassava and sweet potato production. The T-test indicates that temperature, humidity, and rainy days significantly negatively affect cassava production. In contrast, rainfall and solar exposure have a positive impact individually on it. On the other hand, the response of sweet potato production to climate change was different. Temperature and humidity have significant negative effects on sweet potato production, while rainfall and solar exposure have considerable positive effects.

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