The COVID-19 pandemics caused an unprecedented mortality, distress, and globally poses a challenge to mental resilience. To our knowledge, this is the first study that aimed to investigate the psychological distress among the adult general population across 13 countries. This cross-sectional study was conducted through online survey by recruiting 7091 respondents. Psychological distress was evaluated with COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI). The crude prevalence of psychological distress due to COVID-19 is highest in Vietnam, followed by Egypt, and Bangladesh. Through Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis, the respondents from Vietnam holds the highest level of distress, while the respondents from Sri Lanka holds the lowest level of distress with reference to Nepal.Female respondents had higher odds of having reported psychological distress, and those with tertiary education were less likely to report psychological distress compared to those with lower level of education. The findings indicate that psychological distress is varies across different countries. Therefore, different countries should continue the surveillance on psychological consequences through the COVID-19 pandemic to monitor the burden and to prepare for the targeted mental health support interventions according to the need. The coping strategies and social support should be provided especially to the lower educational attainment group.

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. The most recent estimate indicated that there are more than 1.6 million new cases of breast cancer worldwide yearly.Objectives: To assess the level of awareness on breast cancer screening practice among women in Muar.Methods: This is a quantitative cross-sectional survey done on 383 respondents in Muar where participants’ age ranged from 18-80 years. The study used a two-step sampling method namely cluster and simple random sampling. Descriptive analysis was used to describe participant s’ socio-demographic characteristics while chi square was used to present the results.Results: Conventional method of breast cancer awareness campaign currently available is probably unsatisfactory. In our survey, only 52.38% of vulnerable aged women among our study subjects in Muar have any knowledge or awareness on breast cancer screening practices. Factors influencing knowledge and awareness of breast cancer screening practices were greatly influenced by level of education and level of household monthly income. Only 50 to 60% of respondents in group 1 (18-25 years), group 2 (26-31 years), group 3 (32- 37 years) performs Breast Self-Examination (BSE). The practice of clinical breast examina t ion among women in group 4 (38-43 years) group 5 (44-50 years) and group 6 (>50 years) only ranged between as low as 30% to a maximum of 50% while annual mammogram screening was only 20% in group 5 and 30% in group 6.Conclusion: The results of the study proved poor knowledge and practices of breast screening practices among vulnerable women in Muar district. Compliance to clinical breast examina t ion and mammogram is even lower.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue: 2019 Page: 43

Introduction: Violent behaviours among teenagers have increased significantly over the years and the mean age of the crime has become younger. Aim and Objective: Our objective was to determine the effects of video games on male teenagers’ behaviors among population in the 24 secondary schools Muar, Johor, Malaysia. Methodology: This was a cross sectional study. Our sample size was 380 and the age of the respondents were between 13-16 years. Data was collected by using 4 sets of questionnaires, which are demographic information (4 items), Multi-Dimensional Emotional Empathy Scale (24 items), Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (29 items) and Self Report Altruism scale (20 items). Results: Our results showed that 78.41% students were violent video gamers. Out of 380 students, 156 students (40.1%) engaged with videogames less than 2 hours per day, 151 teenagers (38.8%) used to play between 2 and 4 hours per day and only 82 teenagers (21.1%) used to play for more than 4 hours per day. About 70% of respondents score was lower than standard in both physical and verbal aggression. Level of altruism is one of the objectives in this research. Discussion: Our results documented that there is a relationship between the video games and the aggressive behaviour even the prosocial behaviour as well. Though the assessment of the aggression, the participant showed more on the anger and hostility attitude. Video games not only related to aggression but also it is related to the diminishing the sense of empathy among teenagers. Conclusion: We concluded in our study that most of the participants showed that they prefer violent video games, most of them are not empathetic and they don’t have altruism attitude.

Self-directed learning (SDL) plays a pivotal role in facilitating adult learning, especially in developing an individual’s education and upgrading his/her learning skills independently. SDL can have farreaching implications on the students’ lifelong learning skills. In particular, SDL readiness (SDLR) can assist in developing a well-structured student-centered curriculum. The study aims to assess the level of readiness for SDL among undergraduate students of the Asia Metropolitan University (AMU). This descriptive, cross-sectional study surveyed the level of readiness using the SDLR scale comprised of 40 questions. A total of 320 AMU undergraduate students from various academic programmes, including MBBS, Nursing, Foundation in Science, Diploma in Health Care Management, andBusiness were enrolled through convenience sampling. The total mean scores for SDLR was 157.9 ± 20.5, whereas mean scores for self-management, desire for learning, and self-control were 57.6 ± 7.9, 48.5 ± 6.4, and 51.9 ± 7.8, respectively. About two-thirds of both age groups (≤ 20 and > 20) and females were found to be ready for SDL methods. Although there was no statistically significant difference between the different age groups, genders, and programmes, logistic regressions revealed that females > 20 years of age group were more receptive and ready for SDL. The majority of the AMU undergraduate students were ready for SDL, with female and older age groups being more receptive and ready for SDL. This reflects that SDL is directly related to maturity and is also influenced by gender, although it was not proven to be statistically significant.

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