The increasing incidence of diseases related to oxidative stress among the human population has led to an increase in the consumption of natural antioxidants in the human diet. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of cempedak fruit skin extract with 50% ethanol and 70% ethanol as solvents. The method used was testing of radical inhibitory activity with the DPPH method (1,1-diphenyl-picrylhydrazil) and as a positive control was vitamin C. The results of phytochemical screening were known to contain phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins. The results of the antioxidant activity of E50% obtained IC50 values of 650.07 ppm and IC50 of E70 of 1219.69 ppm. From these results, it can be concluded that the skin of the cempedak fruit does not have antioxidant activity.

Indonesia is seventh rank from 10 countries with the highest diabetic patients based on the International Diabetes Federation in 2020. One of the research result shows that women have higher risk type 2 diabetes (T2D) than men, because there is difference in body tissues where women have more adipose tissue. The purpose of this literature review is to analyze genetic factors who caused T2D. This literature research uses a narrative review design. The keywords to search the article are type 2 diabetes, type 2 diabetes factors, genetic type 2 diabetes, and factors that affect type 2 diabetes. The conclusions of causes of T2D are heredity, obesity, age, gender, education, lifestyle, food, stress, socio economic status and physical activity.

Latar Belakang: Kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris (Burn. F) Bedd.) adalah tumbuhan yang berasal Kalimantan yang tumbuh di tanah Gambut. Tujuan: mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dari daun kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris (Burm. F) Bedd.) yang dibuat infusa. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah true experimental dengan metode penelitian post test only control group design. Kelakai dibuat infusa kemudian diuji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH. Hasil: Infusa kelakai positif mengandung senyawa flavonoid. Infusa kelakai memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang sangat kuat kuat pada konsentrasi 20 ppm dengan nilai absorbansi 0,072 serta aktivitas antioksidannya 86,90%. infusa kelakai memiliki nilai IC50 sebesar 6,4035 ppm. Simpulan: infusa kelakai positif mengandung senyawa flavonoid dan memiliki kemampuan antioksidan yang sangat kuat dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 6,4035 ppm.   Kata Kunci: antioksidan, flavonoid, infusa, kelakai