Background: Hodgkin disease (HL) is curable disease in up to 80% of patients, but for the remaining relapse/refractory patients no standard salvage therapy exists. Brentuximab vedotin comprises an anti CD30 antibody conjugated by a protease-cleavable linker to a microtubule-disrupting agent. Aims: The aim of the study is to evaluate the outcome of patients with relapse/refractory form of HL, who received Brentuximab vedotin. Methods: In our Institute 21 patients with HL were treated, from 2015 till 2018 years. 17 (81%) patients had a primary-resistant form, four (19%) patients had relapse of the disease. The average age was 34.5 years (from 20 to 69 years), the average number of courses of therapy is 5.38 (from 3 to 8 courses). The mean follow-up period was 17.9 months (from 4.1 to 38.1 months). Results: We have analyzed the survival of patients who received treatment. 21 patients who entered the study at the time of collection of information, 15 (71.4%) patients were alive. Median survival was 33.2 months. The standard error (SE) is 3.3 months, with 95% CI (26.8 -39.6). Among patients with a primary resistant form, 13 (76.5%) patients were alive, with a median survival of 28.1 months, a SE of 2.3 months of 95% ). Among patients with a non-primary resistant form, two (50%) patients were alive, while the median survival was 9.1 months, SE 2.4 months 95% CI (4.5-13.7). Eleven patients had a partial response to treatment (52, 4%), ten of them (90.9%) were alive, while the median survival was 27.9 months, SE 2.3 months 95% CI (23.5 -32.4). In three (14.3%) patients, a complete response to treatment was noted, of which three (100%) patients were alive. Cancer progression was noted in seven (33.3%) patients, two of them (28.6%) were alive, while the median survival was 27.9 months, SE 2.3 months 95% CI (23.5 -32.4). In analyzing six (28.6%) patients had AutoSCT, and 15 (71.4%) patients did not, due to low stem cell growth. Among patients, which didn't have AutoSCT 11 (73.3%) patients were alive, with a median survival of 30.4 months, a SE of 2.7 months of 95% ). When analyzing the causes of mortality, all patients indicated the cause of death from the progression of cancer. Summary/Conclusion: The analysis of the results using Brentuximab Vedotin showed good results in treatment of relapse and refractory forms of HL. In patients who failed to perform autologous stem cell transplantation, showed median survival of 30.4 months. This indicates the possibility of using the drug as an alternative to this procedure for the primary resistant form of the disease or further therapy options.
Background: To strengthen nursing in Kazakhstan, an e-platform has been developed to support knowledge sharing and collaboration in nursing education, nursing research, and clinical practice. Objective: This study aims to identify and prioritize requirements for an e-platform to strengthen nursing in the trinity of nursing education, nursing research, and clinical practice. Methods: The research was conducted using an exploratory sequential mixed-method design, including a systematic review and a Delphi study. The systematic review utilized search terms concerning nursing, e-platform, research, and education. The Delphi study included two rounds of questionnaires among a panel of Kazakh and European experts. Outcomes were analyzed using content validity ratios and level of consensus thresholds. Results: The systematic review generated eight studies and identified nine categories of requirements to be covered by four groups in the Delphi study. These four groups were content-related, functional, usability, and technical requirements. The study generated 52 essential and 15 useful requirements, which are common in the literature and in experts’ opinions. Conclusion: The list of requirements is well embedded in the literature as well as in the national context of nursing in Kazakhstan. Therefore, the e-platform developed according to these requirements will contribute to improving the trinity of nursing education, research, and practice. Although the list is context-specific, when validated by a panel of experts, it is universally applicable when developing e-platforms for nursing.
A647Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common and costly bone and joint disease in the elderly. Recently, viscosupplementation, an intra-articular injection of artificial joint fluid in order to restore rheological properties affecting lubrication and shock absorption, has introduced as an alternative conservative treatment. To assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of Hylan G-F 20 (Hylan) as a substitute for existing treatments for pain due to OA of the knee, other viscosupplementation devices, and/or as an adjunct to conventional therapy. MethOds: A Markov microsimulation model was developed to define a treatment pathway for OA of the knee, illustrate the current costs of treating patients with the condition, and demonstrate the potential savings associated with introduction of Hylan. A hypothetical cohort of patients categorized as having 2-3 or 4 degree of OA of the knee was followed over a 30-month time period. Results: When comparing intra-articular administration of Hylan, the use of NSAIDs and intra-articular administration of corticosteroids (GCS), rirost costs compared with the strategy of NSAIDs amounted to $192 rate per 1 patient. This increase in efficiency of 20% in favor of Hylan. Accordingly, the ratio ICER was $979 per patient, which is much below the threshold of "society's willingness to pay." Markov cycle for patients with OA of the knee of 4 degrees showed that use of Hylan is more effective in the end point of modeling the effectiveness of this strategy was 12% (compared to 0% in the policies of NSAIDs and corticosteroids). We calculated the total cost of the budget in the application of NSAIDs, GCS, and Hylan, after calculations found that the use of Gilan can save significant budget funds -up to $954582 (for 1,000 patients). cOnclusiOns: Hylan may delay the need for joint replacement in patients with OA of 4 degrees, suggest its use is justified from a clinical and economic standpoint as compared to the consideration of other treatment strategies.
A173 95% CI: 0.54 to 0.86). However, the total cost of treatment was higher for carbetocin compared with oxytocin, approximately 25.7 times, from the position of the perspective of Kazakhstan healthcare payer. The probability for carbetocin being cost-effective did not exceed 50% for any value of willingness to pay for effect. ConClusions: Our analysis failed to detect a significant difference with respect to postpartum hemorrhage, severe postpartum hemorrhage, mean estimated blood loss and adverse effects between carbetocin and oxytocin. Carbetocin does not seem to be a cost-effective strategy as compared with oxytocin for postpartum haemorrhage. Additional, higher-volume studies examining the clinical effect would be valuable.
BACKGROUND This paper addresses the requirements for an e-platform that is to be developed to strengthen nursing in Kazakhstan. It aims to support knowledge sharing and collaboration in nursing education, research, and clinical practice. To construct the platform, a requirement analysis was conducted in a two-step design that included a literature review and a Delphi study. The aim of the review was to identify requirements for an e-platform for collaborative developments in nursing science and nursing research education. The aim of the Delphi study was to specifically prioritize these requirements for Kazakhstan.METHODS A literature search was accomplished using different electronic databases between February and April 2018 by applying search terms concerning nursing, e-platform, research, and education. Included studies should not be older than six years, written in English or Russian, involve nurses or nursing students, and address learning by e-platform. The Delphi study included two rounds of questionnaires containing input from the review and from other project activities. Rating occurred among a panel of experts from Kazakhstan, Finland, and the Netherlands. Outcomes were analysed applying content validity ratios and level of consensus thresholds.RESULTS The literature search generated eight studies. Data extraction and synthesis resulted in nine categories of requirements covered by four groups in the Delphi study. One group contains content-related requirements encompassing aim and users, platform structure, educational content, and nursing skills. Another group comprises functional requirements including communication, knowledge acquisition, and management. A third group refers to usability requirements, and the fourth group contains technical requirements. The Delphi study generated a list of 52 essential requirements and 15 useful requirements with a high level of consensus.CONCLUSION The input for the Delphi corresponded with the perceptions of experts concerning the needs of the e-platform to be developed. The list of requirements is well-embedded in the literature as well as in the national context of nursing in Kazakhstan and, therefore, will contribute to improving the trinity of nursing education, research, and practice. Although the list is context-specific, when validated by a panel of experts, it is considered to be applicable universally when developing e-platforms for nursing.
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