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We report the derivation and properties of a monoclonal antibody (MAb 2E4) which neutralizes human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6). MAb 2E4 precipitated from lysates of infected cells a glycosylated polypeptide 100,000 in apparent molecular weight and minor components of 80,000, and 32,500. The predominant reactive protein after a pulse was the 100,000-molecular-weight peptide designated as gplOO. The smaller polypeptides appeared in the precipitate predominantly after a chase. MAb 2E4 neutralized HHV-6 infectivity in the presence and in the absence of complement, and it inhibited the penetration of virus into the cells. Addition of MAb 2E4 as late as 6 h postinfection inhibited the formation of large polykaryocytes typical of HHV-6-infected cells.