Almighty, for giving me my life, guiding me into goodness, and surrounding me with great, caring, and knowledgeable people during the elaboration of my Ph.D. Thesis.Special gratitude to my beloved family; my parents Khalid and Zohra, my dear brothers Achraf and Miloud, and my beloved wife Hind.Special mention deserves my supervisor and friend Dr. Pablo César Olmeda González for his mentoring, support, guidance, and patience during the last years.My gratitude also to the professors who were directly or indirectly