The present study was designed to find the importance of proper screening and early diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus. Study Design: A prospective/ descriptive study Place of Study: tertiary care hospital Hyderabad. Duration of Study: from September 2014 to November 2014. Materials and Methods: A total of 168 pregnant females between the ages of 20-40 years & in their 24th to 28th week of gestation were enrolled for the study. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test of all the participants was done after an overnight fasting of 10-12 hours. All the participants were given 75gm of glucose per 100 ml of distilled water. The blood samples were collected after two hours time for serum glucose levels. Results: Most of the participants were below 26 years of age 47(27.9%) with the mean age of 30.2±5.83 years. However the highest prevalence of GDM was observed in age group 31-35 years (36%). Among the 25 cases of gestational diabetes mellitus the highest number of patients with GDM were multipara (40%) followed by parity of 3-4 gravida (32%). Twenty seven women (16%) women had family history of diabetes mellitus. Among these 12/27 (44.4%) women were found with GDM, compared to 15/141 (10.6%) who have no family history of diabetes mellitus. Total 14 (8.33%) women were found obese, out of these 8 (57%) women had GDM while only 6 (42.8%) women had no GDM. Conclusion: The prevalence of GDM in the present study is found to be 14.8%. A prevalence of GDM was higher in the elderly multiparous females who were overweight and had family history of diabetes mellitus.

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Background: Surgical site wound infection (SSI) imposes a great challenge worldwide. It is the third most commonly reported nosocomial infection. The objective of the study was to assess the frequency of postoperative wound infections in a newly developed health organization.Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2017 to May 2018 in Bakhtawar General Hospital, Jamshoro. A total of 364 cases of surgery, from Obstetrics and Gynecology and General Surgery department were included. Surgical interventions involving an incision were assessed. Infection (SSI) rate was noticed and data was analyzed by SPSS version 18.Results: Healthy discharge rate was 97%. The overall surgical site wound infection rate was 3.1%. These infections were high in genitourinary surgeries (9.09%). Among Obstetrics & Gynecology surgeries, maximum number of SSIs were reported in cases of emergency Lower Segment Cesarean Section (LSCS).Conclusions: The overall rate of SSI for different types of surgeries performed at Bakhtawar General Hospital, Jamshoro was only 3.1%. Frequency of SSI was highest in genitourinary surgeries followed by gastrointestinal and obstetrics and gynecology surgeries, respectively.Key words: General Surgery, Genitourinary surgery, Obstetrics & Gynecology surgery, Post-operative wound contamination

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Objective: To find out the Modified Marsh type of celiac disease (CD)patients on histopathological examination of duodenal (D2) biopsies and to correlate it withtissue transglutaminase IgA levels. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place of Study:Histopathology laboratory (Department of Pathology), Isra University Hospital and AsianInstitute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Hyderabad. Duration of Study: July 2013 to December2013. Materials and Methods: 96 patients with a history of malabsorption or atypical symptomswith clinical suspicion of CD were subjected to endoscopy. Endoscopic duodenal (D2) biopsieswere taken regardless of age and gender. D2 biopsies were processed for histopathologicalexamination under light microscopy. Results: Out of 96 patients, 45 (46.9%) patients hadmoderate type of lamina propria inflammation along with highly significant p-value (0.0001).CDtype 3a was observed in 34 patients (35.4%). In this study the comparison of serological level oftissue Transglutaminase IgA (tTGA) and histological severity revealed significant correlation. AllModified Marsh types of CD with tTGA level seen in our study were highly significant (p-value0.001). Conclusion: In this study strong correlation was observed between the serologicaltTGA level and histological findings by Modified Marsh classification along with lamina propriainflammation of duodenal mucosa in CD patients.