No abstract

This study supports the contributing and beneficial effects of vitamins D and E in the treatment of atopic dermatitis.

Zillikens, 2013), no associated malignancy was observed. In contrast, in lichen sclerosus, carcinomas of the genitalia and the skin were revealed (Powell and Wojnarowska, 1999). A possible drawback of this study is its reliance on the ICD-10 coding of doctors from different specialities. Although the large majority of autoimmune bullous diseases are diagnosed by dermatologists, coding of these disorders by non-dermatologists might have led to mistakes. On the basis of the coding of pemphigoid gestationis in one man and four female patients older than 50 years, the false-coding rate was estimated to be 4%. The present findings will be relevant for the future care of patients with autoimmune bullous disorders. Regardless of the reason for the higher incidence of cancer in some of these diseases, an increased awareness in combination with regular differential blood counts and inspection of the entire skin, as well as routinely performed gastroand coloscopy in patients with pemphigus vulgaris might be helpful to detect the associated malignancies as early as possible in the majority of patients.

This study was performed to investigate the analgesic effect of lidocaine and a combination of lidocaine and ketamine following epidural administration in dromedary camels. Ten 12-18-month-old camels were randomly divided into two equal groups. In group L, the animals received 2% lidocaine (0.22 mg/kg) and in group LK the animals received a mixture of 10% ketamine (1 mg/kg) and 2% lidocaine (0.22 mg/kg) administered into the first intercoccygeal (Co1-Co2) epidural space while standing. Onset time and duration of caudal analgesia, sedation level and ataxia were recorded after drug administration. Data were analysed by U Mann-Whitney tests and significance was taken as p < 0.05. The results showed that epidural lidocaine and co-administration of lidocaine and ketamine produced complete analgesia in the tail, anus and perineum. Epidural administration of the lidocaine-ketamine mixture resulted in mild to moderate sedation, whilst the animals that received epidural lidocaine alone were alert and nervous during the study. Ataxia was observed in all test subjects and was slightly more severe in camels that received the lidocaine-ketamine mixture. It was concluded that epidural administration of lidocaine plus ketamine resulted in longer caudal analgesia in standing conscious dromedary camels compared with the effect of administering lidocaine alone.