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In this paper, rapid reconstruction of a three-dimensional (3D) image of a scene for nearfield microwave imaging using a dynamic metasurface antenna (DMA) is addressed. The imaging system consists of a fixed transmitting DMA and a single moving antenna as the receiver. In the proposed approach, after pre-processing the raw data and converting it into an applicable form for Fourier computations, the converted data are processed by the presented algorithm (all with fast Fourier computations, without the need for the heavy Stolt interpolation step). Furthermore, after extracting a closed-form expression for image reconstruction, a minimization problem is defined using the compressive-sensing (CS) theory, which allows a sparse pattern to be sampled instead of collecting full data, thereby significantly improving the data acquisition rate (according to the CS rate). The performance of the proposed approach is examined by computer simulations and analytical discussions.

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