Background: Rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a common cause of knee instability, requiring ACL reconstructions with about one million completed worldwide annually. Successful (ACL) reconstruction requires physical rehabilitation to help patients return to an active lifestyle. This study aimed toevaluate the effect of exercises program on knee functional outcomes for patients after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Study design: Quasi experimental research design was conducted in this research. Study sample:Purposive sample of 60 adult patients of both sexes, who were diagnosed as a first-time primary unilateral anterior cruciate ligament injury and undergoing (ACL) reconstructionwere involved in the study and were divided randomly into two groups 30 patients for each group . Setting: The study was conducted at the knee arthroscopic surgery and stadium injuries unit at Mansoura University Hospital as well as the knee surgery outpatient clinic for patients follow up .Tools of the study: Five tools were

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Background: Safe patient handling and movement is very important part of the organizational culture. It is basic element and guide to improve nurse knowledge. Aim of the study: Evaluate the effect of nursing guidelines on orthopedic nurses' knowledge regarding safe patient handling and movement. Design: Quasi-experimental research design was utilized in this study. Setting: This study was conducted in orthopedic departments at Mansoura University Hospital. Subject: All available number of nurses (50) working in orthopedic department. Tools: One tool structure questionnaire sheet was used in this study. Results: The present study revealed that more than half of studied nurses' had fair knowledge pre intervention compared to above two third had good knowledge post intervention. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there was a positive effect of nursing guidelines on improving nurses' knowledge regarding safe patient handling and movement. Recommendations: This study recommended the availability of written guidelines regarding safe patient handling and movement in orthopedic department.

Background: Haematemesis is one of the most common manifestations of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding, which is a life-threatening emergency that results in a high morbidity, mortality and treatment cost in worldwide. This study aimed to assess the nurses' knowledge and practice about caring for patients with haematemesis undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and to develop nursing guideline for nurses' caring with haematemesis patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Subjects and method: This study uses the descriptive design. This study examined the haematemesis unit in Mansoura university hospitals and El Mansoura New general hospital. The study sample was all available nurses in the above-mentioned setting 41 nurses (20 nurses from Mansoura university hospital and 21 nurses from El Mansoura New general hospital. The data collected through the following tools: -Tool I-Knowledge questionnaire sheet, Tool II-Nurses' practice checklist. Results: the findings revealed that (53.7 %) of nurses have poor knowledge and the majority of the sample (90.2%) have poor total practice level. There were statistically significance difference between (age) and practice level (pre procedure) (p=.005*). Conclusions: The majority of the nurses have poor knowledge and practice level regarding caring haematemesis patients undergoing upper GIT endoscopy. Recommendations: Activate continuous training program to refresh and update the nurse knowledge and practice.

Intramuscular injection is common procedure that nurses frequently carry out which causes pain and distress to the patient , Heifer skin tapping technique have positive effect to reduce intramuscular injection pain ,therefore, Aim of the study: was to assess the effectiveness of Heifer Skin Tap Technique on Pain Associated with Intramuscular Injection at the study setting .Methods: Aquasi-experimental research design was conducted at medical and surgical units at Main Mansoura University Hospital. Purposive sample of adult patient admitted through a period of six months from the beginning of March 2014 to the end of August 2014 at above mention setting and who was take IM injection for treatment by vitamins and analgesics and fulfilling the following inclusion criteria. A total of 100 patients with IM in the injection were entered study. Each patient was administered repeated intramuscular injections at the gluteal site. Then pain level with administration of intramuscular injection by traditional technique were compared with pain level with Heifer Skin Tapping Technique. The tools developed and used for data collection were Sociodemographic characteristics and assessment of pain level with Universal Pain Assessment Tool. results The pain perception of patients in terms of pain level of traditional technique was found to be significantly higher than pain level of Heifer skin tapping Technique conclusion that skin tapping technique was effective in reducing pain level of patients. Thus, skin tapping technique can be used as an intervention to reduce pain associated with administration of intramuscular injection