To determine the relationship between the plane of occlusion and the Camper's line (ala-tragus line). Lateral cephalograms of 105 dentulous subjects were obtained after outlining the tragus and the base of the ala of the nose with radiopaque markers. Tracings of the cephalograms were done and the relationship between the plane of occlusion and the Camper's line (ala-tragus line) was noted. The most common tragal reference as a posterior landmark for determination of plane of occlusion was found to be below inferior (in 30.48% of subjects), and inferior (in 24.76% of subjects). The least common tragal reference was found to be above superior (in 3.82% of subjects) followed by superior of tragus and the point between superior and middle of the tragus (in 6.66% of subjects). The tragal reference in this study population was more towards the inferior of the tragus, with most of the times being below the inferior border. Therefore, the orientation of the plane of occlusion using the superior of tragus as a posterior landmark (according to the widely accepted definition of Camper's line) may be considered to be questionable. Further, the use of the tragus as a posterior landmark for the orientation of the plane of occlusion may be questioned on the basis of the findings of this study.

From the derived mathematical correlation, it was concluded that the angulation of the occlusal plane in completely edentulous subjects may be determined by taking a cephalogram at the diagnostic stage. Further, the clinical applicability of the derived mathematical formula (while determining the plane of occlusion) was tested on completely edentulous patients.

Patients having undergone hemi-mandibulectomy without further reconstruction (to restore the lost mandibular continuity) suffer functional limitations due to the resultant deviation of the segmental mandible. A palatally based guidance prosthesis (or palatal ramp prosthesis) is often indicated and is usually fabricated chairside in self-cured acrylic resin. Establishing the correct angulation of the slope of the palatal ramp may take several attempts before a satisfactory correction is achieved. This clinical report describes a laboratory technique in which a semi-adjustable articulator was used for fabricating the palatal ramp prosthesis. The patient's deviated mandibular position was transferred to the articulator by means of a facebow and interocclusal record. The angulation of the palatal ramp was then established on the semi-adjustable articulator and the prosthesis fabricated in heat-cured acrylic resin. Reduced chairside time, improved patient comfort levels, and ease in fabrication of the prosthesis on the semi-adjustable articulator are proposed advantages of the described technique.

Background: Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) denture-base resins have poor surface properties that facilitates microbial adhesion causing denture stomatitis. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effect of different sizes and percentages of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NP) on the antimicrobial property, surface roughness and surface hardness of PMMA denture base resin.  Methods: A systematic search of English peer-reviewed articles, clinical trial registries, grey literature databases and other online sources was performed using the PRISMA-S Guidelines for In-Vivo and In-Vitro studies. Qualitative data synthesis was performed to analyse sample dimensions, acrylic used, treatments of nanoparticles, methods used for testing and effect of size and percentage of nanoparticle. Risk of bias assessment was done using modified Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: Out of 1376 articles, 15 were included. TiO2NP of size less than 30 nm was most frequently used. Both antimicrobial property and surface hardness improved irrespective of the size of the added TiO2NP. Three studies reported increase in the surface roughness with less than 50 nm TiO2NP.  3% TiO2NP was most frequently used. On increasing the percentage, three studies reported an increase in antimicrobial property, while two studies found no change. With TiO2NP greater than or equal to 3%, six studies reported an increase in surface hardness, while two reported increase in surface roughness. Large methodological variations were observed across studies. All studies except one were of moderate quality. Conclusions:   On addition of TiO2NP to heat polymerized PMMA, the antimicrobial property and surface hardness improved irrespective of the size of the TiO2NP, however, addition of nanoparticles less than 50 nm increased the surface roughness. Increasing the percentage of TiO2NP increased the surface hardness but did not always increase the antimicrobial property. Addition of 3% TiO2NP provided optimum results with regards to antimicrobial effect and surface hardness, but increase in the surface roughness.

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