Trifurcation of the common carotid artery in the neck region is a rare anatomical variation. In the present study, we reported a rare case having the combination of anomalies of the bilateral high common carotid arteries trifurcation and variable origin of lower branches of the external carotid artery during routine dissection of the head and neck region of a 60-year-old male cadaver in the Department of Anatomy. Both on the left and right sides of the neck region, the common carotid artery gave off three terminal branches: internal carotid artery, external carotid artery, and ascending pharyngeal arteries. Further, we also observed the presence of bilateral linguofacial trunks (common arterial trunks) that emerged from the external carotid arteries and also the left superior thyroid artery that originated directly from the left common carotid artery. Even though the embryogenesis of the variable origin of such arterial trunks is not apparent, it is very indispensable to have sound knowledge and better comprehension of the accurate anatomical architecture of such a rare combination of carotid arterial system anomalies for correct interpretation of the vascular imaging that pave the pathway for successful execution of surgical interventions in the neck region because of its utmost clinical implication.

The common carotid artery bifurcates into two terminal branches—the external and internal carotid arteries. The head, neck, and face regions principally get their blood supply from the external carotid artery and its branches. Some previous articles have mentioned the abnormal pattern of the external carotid artery branching and its variable origin. In this article, a rare case has been documented, having the combination of anomalies of the high carotid termination and bilateral variable origin of the ventral branches of the external carotid artery encountered during routine dissection of the head and neck region of a 55-year-old male cadaver in the Department of Anatomy. In this instance, on the right side of the neck, we observed the presence of a thyrolinguofacial trunk which arose from the ventral surface of the external carotid artery, and on the left side, the linguofacial trunk emerged from the ventral surface of the external carotid artery while the superior thyroid artery branched off directly from the left common carotid artery. This apart, there was bilateral high termination of the common carotid artery. Although the exact embryogenesis of such common arterial trunks anomalies and high carotid termination is not clear, detailed and precise anatomical knowledge of such a combination of anomalies will provide further insight for better radiological evaluation and to avert iatrogenic vascular injuries during any surgical procedures of the head and face region.