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Although the management of spinal tuberculosis (TB) is mainly medical, there are select surgical interventions for the same, especially in the event of complications. However, with multiple choices with regard to approaches and surgical techniques, one is often left with too many options. We, therefore, performed a literature review on the subject with respect to the surgical approaches to control spinal TB. Our aim is to enable the reader to understand the rationale behind various surgical approaches and techniques involved in managing spinal TB.

Ganglion cysts are benign cystic lesions that are lined by a synovium and are filled with a gelatinous mucoid material. Ganglion cysts are most commonly located in the hand and the wrist. We present a rare case report of a 45-year-old male with a recurrent intramuscular ganglion cyst in the peroneus longus for two years. The patient underwent drainage one year back, but the swelling recurred one month after surgery. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a delineated, round, lobulated fluid collection consistent with the appearance of a ganglion cyst that was present within the proximal part of peroneus longus. Surgical exploration revealed an encapsulated mass present within the peroneus longus muscle belly. The complete excision of the ganglion cyst was performed, and the diagnosis was confirmed by histology. Postoperatively, at a two-month and six-month follow-up, he was completely asymptomatic with no recurrence and a normal neurological function. Ganglion, which arises from the peroneus longus muscle or tendon, presents with swelling over the lateral aspect of leg due to compression of the common peroneal nerve. Careful preservation of the nerve with complete ganglion excision gives excellent results.

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