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Using oxytocin by intravenous and intramuscular route has a similar efficacy and adverse effects.

Our findings support the theory that possible oxidative stress, a more hypoxic environment and defective placentation lead to increased serum IMA concentrations. These findings may help to shed light on the complicated pathogenesis of early pregnancy loss.

A total of 1349 pregnant women, irrespective of age and socioeconomic status, were interviewed using a questionnaire in the local language. Results:The incidence of domestic violence in this study was 2.37%. The mean age of women who reported violence was 29.06±5.53 years.Age, marriage duration, gravidity, parity, educational level, partner's educational level, and monthly income exerted no significant influences on women who experienced domestic violence during their pregnancies (p>0.05). Women who resided in the same houses with large extended families were at significantly higher risk of domestic violence during pregnancy in comparison with the pregnant women who lived within a core family (p=0.018). Key words: Abuse, domestic violence, pregnant women, Turkey Received: 30 July, 2013 Accepted: 15 October, 2013 Domestic violence against pregnant women: A prospective study in a metropolitan city, İstanbul Hüseyin Cengiz, Ammar Kanawati, Şükrü Yıldız, Sema Süzen, Tuba Tombul Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Teaching and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey Abstract Conclusion:

Our findings support the possible role of serotonin in the pathogenesis of hyperemesis gravidarum.