Aspergillus terreus NCFT 4269.10 was evaluated by liquid static surface fermentation (LSSF), shaking fermentation (ShF) and solid state fermentation (SSF) for the production of pectinase. Among various substrates tested, banana peels supported maximum production of pectinase i.e. 1000 ± 141.42 U/ml. The biomass of A. terreus was maximum with wheat bran (0.55±0.07g/50ml). Pectinase produced by A. terreus displayed higher specific activity when wheat bran was used as the sole source of carbon and energy. After successful fermentation, crude enzyme was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity with a specific activity of 1846.50 U/mg from an initial specific activity of 1282.05 U/mg. The cell free-dialyzed-enzyme containing 107100 U was purified to 1.44 fold with an overall enzyme yield of 35.70%.Immobilization study revealed that the production of pectinase was increased up to third cycle and decreased thereafter when further pectinase production was carried out by immobilized spores of A. terreus.

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Purpose: DNA methylation is a novel biomarker for Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection amongst women to identify those progressing to pre-cancer. This study was done to see the HPV genotype distribution among the different population and find out the association between Global DNA Methylation and HPV infection. Method:300 patients participated in the study. Cervical swab was collected and analysed by Real Time Polymerase Chain reaction (RT-PCR) for HPV Genotyping study. DNA was extracted from venous blood to estimate Global DNA methylation levels. Results: Global DNA methylation levels were significantly lower in women with HPV infection than women without the infection. Global DNA hypomethylation was more predominant in unhealthy cervix group and cancer cervix and it was more prevalent in patients infected with HPV 16, HPV 18 and other high-risk strain. Conclusion: In our study we found that other high-risk genotype of HPV had the highest rate of hypomethylation followed by HPV 18 and HPV 16 in cancer Cervix. Hence from a sample of whole blood of women infected with HPV, the Global DNA hypomethylation can be assessed and used as a predictive marker for progression to Cervical Cancer.