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The present study examines anatomy of Gayo mare reproductive organs. This study used three sample of Gayo mare reproductive organs (n= 3) for observation of morphology and morphometric of the mare reproductive organs. The ovarium was fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde solution then followed by histological method and stained using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Masson’s trichome (MT). Three mares were observed for diameter and changes overview of uterus during estrous cycle in real time using ultrasound. The results showed that, in general, the anatomy of Gayo mare’s reproductive organs was similar to other mares, but smaller in morphometry. The total length of the Gayo mare’s reproductive tract from labia to apex cornua was 48.00±1.00 cm. Weight of Gayo mare’s left ovary was 19.07±7.70 g and the right was 24.43±0.83 g. Histologically, there was no difference between Gayo mare’s structure and other mares. In cortex uteri there were some follicles surrounded by capillary, various development stages of follicles, healthy follicles, atretic follicle, and corpus albican; while in medulla there were a lot of connective tissues. Ultrasound of the uterus showed the change in diameter during estrous cycle with the largest diameter of corpus uteri was 4.43±0.10 cm in horses with estrous cycle of 21 days and 6.30±0.93 cm in horses with 24 days estrous cycle. In conclusion, the morphometry of Gayo mare reproductive organs are smaller than the other horses and there are differences in diameter of the uterus during the estrous cycle due to the changes of endometrium thickness.

Strangles, caused by Streptococcus equi ssp. equi (S. equi equi), is a highly infectious and frequent disease of equines worldwide. No data are available regarding the molecular epidemiology of strangles in Indonesia. This study aimed to characterize S. equi equi isolates obtained from suspected strangles cases in Indonesia in 2018. Isolates originated from seven diseased horses on four different farms located in three provinces of Indonesia. Whole genome sequences of these isolates were determined and used for seM typing, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and core genome MLS typing (cgMLST). Genomes were also screened for known antimicrobial resistance genes and genes encoding for the recombinant antigens used in the commercial Strangvac® subunit vaccine. All seven S. equi equi isolates from Indonesia belonged to ST179 and carried seM allele 166. Isolates differed from each other by only 2 to 14 cgSNPs and built an exclusive sub-cluster within the Bayesian Analysis of Population Structure (BAPS) cluster 2 (BAPS-2) of the S. equi equi cgMLST scheme. All isolates revealed predicted amino acid sequence identity to seven and high similarity to one of the eight antigen fragments contained in Strangvac®. Furthermore, all isolates were susceptible to beta-lactam antibiotics penicillin G, ampicillin, and ceftiofur. Our data suggest that the horses from this study were affected by strains of the same novel sublineage within globally distributed BAPS-2 of S. equi equi. Nevertheless, penicillin G can be used as a first-choice antibiotic against these strains and Strangvac® may also be protective against Indonesian strains.

This study aimed to determine ultrasound of uterine involution and postpartum ovarian dynamics on Ongole Crossbreed Heifer (PO) associated with postpartum estrus signs. This study used 6 PO cows which were divided into primiparous group and pluripara group. The observation of uterine involution and ovarian dynamics was started from the first day postpartum using ultrasonography (USG) with a linear probe rectally, while the reproductive organs images were recorded every 2 days. The results showed that the time needed for all reproductive organs of 3 primiparous groups to complete the uterine involution after parturition was 37.33±1.15 days when the diameter of the vagina, cervix uterine, corpus uterine, left cornua, and right cornua uterine were 3.14±0.00 cm, 2.86±0.00 cm, 3.20±0.06 cm, 4.66±0.01 cm, and 4.66±0.01 cm, respectively. The time needed for all reproductive organs of 3 pluripara groups to complete uterine involution postpartum was 38.67±1.15 days with the diameter of the vagina, cervix uterine, corpus uterine, left cornua, and right cornua uterine 3.18±0.00 cm, 2.70±0.02 cm, 3.08±0.02 cm, 4.42±0.01 cm, and 4.42±0.01 cm, respectively. The average times of the first and second ovulation of primiparous cattle were 27.67±1.15 and 47.67±1.15 days postpartum, whereas in pluripara group was 28.33±1.15 and 48.33±1.15 days postpartum. At first ovulation all cows were not accompanied by signs of estrus, while at the second ovulation 2 primiparous cows and 1 pluripara cow showed less obvious signs of estrus, 1 primiparous cow and 1 pluripara cow showed signs of medium estrus, and 1 pluripara cow showed clear estrus signs.

INTISARIPenelitian dilakukan terhadap tiga ekor kuda hasil persilangan antara pejantan Thoroughbred dengan induk lokal, dengan kandungan genetik lokal antara 6,25% sampai dengan 12,5% dengan kisaran umur 12-20 tahun. Penelitian dimulai dengan sinkronisasi estrus yang dilakukan dengan penyuntikan hormon PGF2α dosis tunggal 10 mg i.m pada fase luteal, diikuti dengan penyuntikan 1.500 IU hCG pada saat folikel dominan telah mencapai diameter ≥30 mm. Pemeriksaan dengan ultrasonografi dilakukan secara rutin pada waktu yang sama. Dari pengamatan terhadap sinkronisasi estrus dan induksi ovulasi didapatkan hasil bahwa interval awal perlakuan PGF2α hingga onset estrus adalah 1,33±0,58 hari, dengan lama estrus 4,00±1,00 hari, interval mencapai ovulasi dari awal perlakuan PGF2α adalah 5,33±1,15 hari, sedangkan dari awal perlakuan hCG adalah 66,67±10,07 jam. Diamater maksimal folikel terbesar adalah 4,50±0,52 cm yang dicapai sehari sebelum terjadinya ovulasi. Secara umum dapat dilihat bahwa rerata panjang siklus estrus kuda hasil persilangan pejantan Thoroughbred dengan induk lokal Indonesia yang telah berumur 12-20 tahun adalah 25,4±3,38 hari dengan 2 sampai 3 gelombang folikel dan lama estrus 6,8±1,92 hari. Rerata diameter folikel terbesar maksimum sebelum ovulasi adalah 4,2±1,24 cm dengan kisaran 3,0 sampai dengan 5,8 cm. Hasil pengamatan terhadap tingkah laku estrus menunjukkan bahwa saat-saat menjelang ovulasi akan ditandai dengan pencapaian skor maksimal pada nilai 3, yang dicirikan dengan lebih menunjukkan ketertarikan terhadap pejantan, mengangkat ekor, winked vulva, squatting dan urinasi dan pada nilai 4 yang dicirikan dengan ketertarikan yang kuat terhadap pejantan, menyodorkan pantat pada jantan, mengangkat ekor dan winked vulva serta urinasi yang berkelanjutan.(Kata kunci: Dinamika ovarium, Estrus, Kuda betina, Siklus, Ultrasonografi) ABSTRACT The development of horse breeding industry in Indonesia was