Rationale Primary melanomas of the female genital tract are rare and usually occur in the vulva and vagina. Involvement of the cervix, uterus, and ovary are extremely rare. Surgery and adjuvant therapy remain the mainstay of treatment. The majority of patients experience poor long-term survival. This report aimed at highlighting an extremely rare case of primary melanoma of the female genitalia, synchronously involving the vulva and uterine cervix. Patient concerns A 58-year-old multiparous female presented with postmenopausal bleeding for 10 days. Diagnoses Speculum examination and histologic analysis of the surgical specimens revealed synchronous involvement of the vulva and uterine cervix by malignant melanoma. According to the American Joint Committee on Cancer stage grouping for melanoma, this tumor was at stage V. Interventions The patient subsequently underwent radical surgery and postoperative chemotherapy. Outcomes She has been on regular follow-up, and is now free of disease for 50 months after the operation. Lessons Primary melanomas of the female genital tract have biologically aggressive characteristics. Optimal management consists of individualized surgery and adjuvant therapy. However, early recognition and prompt intervention offer maximal benefit from treatment.