Cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases, as well as proteins cooperating with them are responsible for cell cycle regulation which is crucial for normal development, injury repair, and tumorigenesis. D-type cyclins regulate G1 cell cycle progression by enhancing the activities of cyclin-dependent kinases, and their expression is frequently altered in tumors. Disturbances in cyclin expression were also reported in melanocytic skin lesions. The objective of the study was to evaluate the expression of cyclins D1 and D3 in common, dysplastic, and malignant melanocytic skin lesions. Forty-eight melanocytic skin lesions including common nevi (10), dysplastic nevi (24), and melanomas (14) were diagnosed by dermoscopy and excised. Expression of cyclin D1 and D3 was detected by immunohistochemistry and quantified as percentage of immunostained cell nuclei in each sample. In normal skin, expression of cyclins D1 and D3 was not detected. The mean percentage of cyclin D1-positive nuclei was 7.75% for melanoma samples, 5% for dysplastic nevi samples, and 0.34% for common nevi samples. For cyclin D3, the respective values were 17.8, 6.4, and 1.8%. Statistically significant differences in cyclin D1 expression were observed between melanomas and common nevi as well as between dysplastic and common nevi (p = 0.0001), but not between melanomas and dysplastic nevi. Cyclin D3 expression revealed significant differences between all investigated lesion types (p = 0.0000). The mean cyclin D1 and D3 scores of melanomas with Breslow thickness <1 mm and >1 mm were not significantly different. G1/S abnormalities are crucial for the progression of malignant melanoma, and enhanced cyclin D1 and D3 expression leading to increased melanocyte proliferation is observed in both melanoma and dysplastic nevi. In histopathologically ambiguous cases, lower cyclin D3 expression in dysplastic nevi can be a diagnostic marker for that lesion type.

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Repurposing or re-positioning of drugs applied in medical practice is a trend under a new adequate and clearly understood term that existed before (for example, application of known drugs for a new purpose). The purpose of the article is to state, within the framework of repurposing and future sudden relevance and demand, the information on budget drugs for a long-term maintaining of increased body radioresistance. Drugs for the long-term maintenance of increased body radioresistance are described: riboxin and succinic acid. The possibility of long-term administration is an important advantage of riboxin and succinic acid. The knowledge of the full real spectrum of available drugs, undoubtedly, allows prevention of polypharmacy and conservation of economic resources.

Cyclins play a fundamental role in the cell cycle. Recent studies have focused on their role in the development of various malignancies. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the expression of cyclins A and E in common nevi, dysplastic nevi and malignant melanomas, and to investigate the relationship between cyclin expression and some pathological parameters such as tumor thickness, ulceration, regression, and mitotic rate, as well as several clinical and phenotypic parameters such as skin phototype, hair and eye color, number of nevi, personal or family melanoma history, and personal history of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC). A total of 102 melanocytic skin lesions, including 30 common nevi, 38 dysplastic nevi and 34 melanomas, were examined. Expression of cyclins was detected by immunohistochemistry and quantified as a percentage of immunostained cell nuclei in each sample. Significant differences in expression of both cyclins were found between all lesion types: the median percentage of cyclin A-positive nuclei was 8.2% in melanomas, 3.4% in dysplastic nevi, and 0.95% in common nevi (p < 0.001). The corresponding percentages for cyclin E were 9.5%, 4.25% and 1.44% (p < 0.001). Expression of both cyclins was significantly higher among patients with a personal history of NMSC. Cyclin A was also significantly overexpressed in patients with a high total nevus count (TNC) compared to moderate and low TNC. Expression of cyclins did not significantly correlate with the other clinicopathologic features investigated. These findings indicate the possible involvement of cyclins A and E in the pathogenesis of malignant melanoma. Our results also show a potential diagnostic significance of these cyclins as markers allowing discrimination between dysplastic nevi and melanoma.

Назотрахеальная интубация трахеи более сложна и длительна, поэтому требует определенного опыта у анестезиолога. Показаниями для назотрахеальной интубации трахеи служат оперативные вмешательства в полости рта, челюстей, при обширных травмах челюстно-лицевой области, продленная ИВЛ у больных в отделении интенсивной терапии и т.д. Цель работы: повышение безопасности анестезии в хирургической стоматологии и имплантологии путем модернизации эндотрахеальной трубки для наименьшего сопротивления в дыхательном контуре и снижение времени операции (анестезии) за счет оптимизации операционного поля. В результате работы с различными видами эндотрахеальных трубок в хирургической стоматологии было предложено разработать эндотрахеальную трубку с жестким изгибом, который будет препятствовать перегибу и давать возможность поворачивать проксимальный конец эндотрахеальной трубки в любую удобную как для хирурга, так и для анестезиолога сторону. Данную проблему решили выполнить за счет металлического коннектора эндотрахеальной трубки. На основании полученных данных можно утверждать, что использование данной эндотрахеальной трубки с металлическим коннектором имеет следующие преимущества: уменьшение сопротивления в дыхательном контуре с использованием или без переходника-удлинителя; уменьшение мертвого пространства дыхательного контура; увеличение полезного пространства операционного поля за счет отсутствия выступающих угловых переходников; уменьшение давления на носовой хрящ пациента; минимизация риска разгерметизации дыхательного контура.