Nicotinic acid, N-methylpyridinium ion, and trigonelline are well studied nutritional biomarkers present in coffee, and they are indicators of thermal decomposition during roasting. However, no method is yet available for their simultaneous determination. This paper describes a rapid and validated HPLC-diode array detector method for the simultaneous quantitation of caffeine, trigonelline, nicotinic acid, N-methylpyridinium ion, 5-caffeoylquinic acid, and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural that is applicable to three coffee matrixes: green, roasted, and instant. Baseline separation among all compounds was achieved in 30 min using a phenyl-hexyl RP column (250×4.6 mm, 5 μm particle size), 0.3% aqueous formic buffer (pH 2.4)-methanol mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, and a column temperature at 30°C. The method showed good linear correlation (r2>0.9985), precision (less than 3.9%), sensitivity (LOD=0.023-0.237 μg/mL; LOQ=0.069-0.711 μg/mL), and recovery (84-102%) for all compounds. This simplified method is amenable for a more complete routine evaluation of coffee in industry.
Introducción: La naringina es un flavonoide utilizado como suplemento alimenticio, el cual es comercializado en productos para atletas, se promueve como: potenciador de otros suplementos, aumenta la capacidad física y como "quemador de grasa" para la pérdida de peso, entre otros efectos. Objetivo: evaluar la evidencia disponible del efecto de la suplementación oral de naringina en combinación con actividad física y/o ejercicio en respuestas clínicas en comparación con solo actividad física y ejercicio.Material y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en bases de datos electrónicas. Fuentes de datos: Science Direct, MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, Registro Cochrane Central de ensayos controlados, SPORTDiscus. Selección de estudios: Publicaciones con el objetivo de estudiar los efectos de la naringina en combinación con ejercicio o actividad fisica. Extracción de datos y método de síntesis: Se realizó analisis por dos revisores, datos extraídos: autores, año de publicación, diseño del estudio, universo de estudio, intervención y resultados relevantes; se cuantificó la calidad con la escala PEDro. La revisión fue realizada siguiendo los lineamientos PRISMA.Resultados: Se identificaron 3 ensayos clínicos (escala de PEDro media de 8,3). Naringina mejora el tiempo de actividad física y disminuye el tiempo fatiga, y mejora subjetivamente la condición física pero no resultó estadísticamente mejor al placebo.Conclusiones: Los estudios muestran contradicciones sobre los efectos de la combinación sobre la condición física.
Surgical sutures are the simplest yet most used medical devices in modern healthcare, they are the preferred type because of its biocompatibility and ability to be resorbed. Bovine intestinal fibers are converted into catgut that serves as the starting material of absorbable surgical suture threads. The mechanical and control subsystems of industrial equipment were designed to automate disinfection of bovine intestinal fibers to increase efficiency during the wet process stage of disinfection without altering its fiber quality. A turbulent regime of the water and disinfectant mix was designed, implemented and validated, this automatic aeration system in the disinfection thank increased the process efficiency by reducing the time used to handle a load of fibers by 50%, and the working time of the personnel involved in the process was reduced from 220 to 20 minutes. Tests on the final product showed that LAL levels comply with what is established by the American Pharmacopoeia: USP <85> Bacterial Endotoxin Test and USP <161> Medical Devices - Bacterial and Pyrogen Endotoxin Test. These results indicate that the disinfected catgut using the proposed automated system complies with all mechanical quality control tests.
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