Digitizing public services is, at the moment, an essential necessity for numerous governments around the world. An improved government through digitization will not only have a growing effect on businesses, but it will also be able to intensify citizen engagement and push for economic growth. During the last 10 years more countries have progressively begun to provide digital services to their citizens. Therefore, in order to address this development, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the evolution of the digital government literature in order to describe the aspects of digital transformation in the public sector and how it is related to knowledge management. In this study the methodology is quantitative and it is based on a review and a survey made with the main goal being the estimation from several collected data on how the digital transformation process in the Public Administration takes place and what its relationship is with knowledge management. The review study is based on articles found on Scopus database and it addresses the role that digital government research plays in the theory and practice of knowledge management. In the survey study, 54 employees working for the services of the two governmental areas of the Portuguese Ministry of the Environment were surveyed. The results show that the research on the theme is still at an exploratory stage due to the lack of studies relating digital government to knowledge management effectiveness in the public sector. The results also show that the success of digital government seems to be related with the quality of the organizations’ knowledge management, complementing each other for significant improvements in the public sector. In terms of originality, this study aims to contribute and stimulate data-driven discussions regarding the impacts of the digital transformation in the public sector and their relation with the implementation of knowledge management practices. The results offer insights into future research needs.

Resumo: O uso de medidas, com propriedades psicométricas satisfatórias, em pesquisas sobre a percepção dos universitários em relação à qualidade das instituições é essencial. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a validade de constructo da escala CACAU (Condições do Ambiente e Características de Aprendizagem na Universidade) do questionário ISAQ-A (Indicadores de Saúde e Qualidade de Vida em Acadêmicos). As informações deste estudo são derivadas do 1º inquérito do estudo MONISA (Monitoramento dos Indicadores de Saúde e Qualidade de Vida em Acadêmicos), realizado em 2010 com universitários de uma instituição pública do estado da Bahia. Participaram do estudo 1.084 universitários de todos os cursos da instituição. A escala CACAU é composta por 15 itens com quatro opções de resposta (muito boa, boa, ruim e muito ruim). Foi realizada a análise fatorial exploratória, complementada pela análise de consistência interna via Alfa de Cronbach's (. Houve a extração de quatro fatores latentes (F1: Oportunidade e motivação para a aprendizagem; F2: Ambiente físico e equipamentos para a aprendizagem; F3: Ambiente social para aprendizagem; e F4: Auto avaliação de conhecimento e relevância da universidade), que explicaram 56,16% e o nível de consistência interna geral foi bom (: 0,81). Conclui-se que a escala CACAU apresenta capacidade psicométrica satisfatória e os quatro fatores latentes da referida escala explicaram de forma moderada o ambiente e a aprendizagem na universidade. Palavras-chave: Validade de constructo. Meio social. Aprendizagem. Estudantes. Universidade. Abstract: The use of measures with satisfactory psychometric capabilities in research about the perception of university students regarding the quality of institution is essential. The objective of this study was to estimate the construct validity of the CACAU scale (Environment Conditions and Learning Characteristics in the University) of the ISAQ-A questionnaire (Health Indicators and Quality of Life in Academics). The information in this study were derived from the first survey of the MONISA study (Monitoring of Health Indicators and Quality of Life in Academics) conducted in 2010 with university students from a public institution in the state of Bahia. Participated of the study 1084 students. The CACAU scale consists of 15 items with the following response options: very good, good, bad and very bad. The exploratory factorial analysis and Cronbach's alpha (were used. There were four latent factors (F1: Opportunity and motivation for learning; F2: Physical environment and learning equipment; F3: Social environment for learning; and F4: Self-assessment of knowledge and university relevance), which explained 56.16% and the overall internal consistency level was good (: 0.81). The CACAU scale shows a satisfactory psychometric capacity and the four latent factors of the scale explain the moderately environment and learning at university.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n5p577 The practice of leisure physical activity represents a behavior that must be monitored in different population groups. The objectives of this study were i) to compare the prevalence of leisure-time physical activity in university students along the survey years in three separate years; ii) to analyze the factors associated with practice of leisure time physical activity in each survey. Three surveys in a college institution in northeastern Brazil in 2010, 2012 and 2014 were carried out. The dependent variable was practice of leisure-time physical activity. Exploratory variables were sociodemographic factors and link with the university. The prevalence was compared using the chi-square test for linear trend and association for Prevalence Ratio. Participation was of 1,084, 1,085 and 1,041 college students in 2010, 2012 and 2014, respectively. The prevalence of leisure-time physical activity was approximately 50% in the three surveys. Women were less active in leisure time on the three surveys. In each survey, associations were different in relation the courses, and Chemistry – teacher training, Computer Science, Pedagogy – teacher training and Linguistics (no specialization) students showed lower levels of leisure-time physical activity and Biomedicine, Geography – Bachelor, Physical Education – teacher training and Geography – teacher training students were more active in leisure time. It was concluded that there was a stabilization of the prevalence of active leisure over time and that women showed lower prevalence of leisure-time physical activity in the three surveys.

This study aimed to present the conceptual, procedural, and attitudinal knowledge of the trail guides (TG) in the Serra da Capivara National Park (SCNP) and Caparaó National Park (CNP). Results: Seventy-nine TGs participated in this descriptive-exploratory research, with a qualitative approach, representing 84% (n = 40) of CNP guides and 80% (n = 39) of SCNP guides. Conclusions: The evidence describes the conceptual, attitudinal, and procedural dimensions displayed before and during trail-walking, with differences in conceptual knowledge, discrepancies in procedural knowledge, and equality in attitudinal aspects. The importance of the participation of the area of physical education was highlighted in the training of TGs, alongside the need to include didactic-pedagogical content, environmental education, exercise physiology, movement biomechanics, flora, fauna, notions of minimal or desirable impact, and first aid.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n2p222 The practice of team sports such as soccer and volleyball, are one of the main activities practiced by college. The objectives of the study were to compare the proportions of practice team sports in the years 2010, 2012 and 2014 in college and to analyze the association between participation in the classes of Physical Education, before entering university, with the practice team sports during the university period. Three cross-sectional surveys were conducted in the years 2010, 2012 and 2014, with students from a higher education institution. The dependent variable was the current practice of team sports and the independent variable the participation, prior to entering the university in Physical Education classes at school. Participated 1,084, 1,085 and 1,041 college in 2010, 2012 and 2014, respectively. The proportion of practicing team sports was stable in the three surveys and college who participated regularly of the lessons of Physical Education, prior to entering the university showed higher prevalence ratios (PR) practice of team sports during college years (2010, RP: 2.87; 95%CI: 1.48; 5.55; 2012, RP: 2.04; 95%CI: 1.14; 3.65; 2014, RP: 4.06; 95%CI: 1.58; 10.43). The number of students practicing team sports was similar in all investigated years and regular participation of college in Physical Education classes in school, period prior to entering university showed a positive association with practice of team sports at the university.