Summary: Larval tissues undergo programmed cell death (PCD) during Drosophila metamorphosis. PCD is triggered in a stage and tissue-specific fashion in response to ecdysone pulses. The understanding of how ecdysone induces the stage and tissue-specificity of cell death remains obscure. Several steroid-regulated primary response genes have been shown to act as key regulators of cellular responses to ecdysone by inducing a cascade of transcriptional regulation of late responsive genes. In this article, the authors identify Fhos as a gene that is required for Drosophila larval salivary gland destruction. Animals with a P-element mutation in Fhos possess persistent larval salivary glands, and precise excisions of this P-element insertion resulted in reversion of this salivary gland mutant phenotype. Fhos encodes the Drosophila homolog of mammalian Formin Fhos. Fhos is differentially transcribed during development and responds to ecdysone in a method that is similar to other cell death genes. Similarly to what has been shown for its mammalian counterpart, FHOS protein is translocated to the nucleus at later stages of cell death. Fhos mutants posses disrupted actin cytoskeleton dynamics in persistent salivary glands. Together, our data indicate that Fhos is a new ecdysone-regulated gene that is crucial for changes in the actin cytoskeleton during salivary gland elimination in Drosophila. genesis 50:672-684, 2012. V V C 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Na China, em dezembro de 2019, foram relatados os primeiros casos da patologia respiratória COVID-19, doença causado pelo SARS-CoV-2, um RNA vírus. A propagação foi veloz e global, de maneira que a Organização Mundial de Saúde definiu como pandemia em março de 2020. A doença tem manifestação clínica variada, com enfermos assintomáticos ou manifestando quadro crítico, apresentando alta transmissibilidade e letalidade considerável. Simultaneamente, indivíduos com indicação cirúrgica, de origem traumática ou não, tiveram seus atendimentos eletivos paralisados e houve queda nos índices de intervenções de cunho emergencista, tanto devido o medo do indivíduo procurar um serviço de saúde e ser contaminado pelo coronavírus, quanto por outros fatores. Essa revisão teve como objetivo averiguar como a pandemia acometeu serviços de cirurgia geral de emergência, bem como elucidar os preditores e fatores que ocasionaram mudanças no manejo e intervenções cirúrgicas durante o surto de SARS-CoV-2.
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