Objective: To assess the systematic reviews and meta-analyses investigating whether or not periodontal treatment in pregnancy was effective in reducing the adverse pregnancy outcomes of preterm birth, low birth weight, preterm low birth weight, stillbirth, foetal growth restriction, and pre-eclampsia. Method: The umbrella review was conducted on May 30, 2021, and comprised search of electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews via Ovid and CINAHL via EBSCO for all systematic reviews and meta-analyses, regardless of the publication date, of randomised controlled trials which investigated the effects of periodontal treatment during pregnancy in preventing or reducing the frequency of at least one adverse pregnancy outcome. The selected studies were subjected to quality assessment and narrative synthesis. Results: Of the 110 studies found, 17(15.5%) met the inclusion criteria. Of them, quality assessment was high for 1(5.9%), moderate 14(82.3%), and low 2(11.8%). A total of 8(47%) studies demonstrated an association with low birth weight, 7(41.2%) with preterm birth, 3(17.6%) with preterm low birth weight, 1(5.9%) with small for gestational age, and 1(5.9%) with stillbirth, while no study demonstrated any association with pre-eclampsia. Conclusion: Differential findings provided unclear evidence, but periodontal therapy in pregnancy is still recommended as it causes no harm and reduces the bacterial burden in periodontal disease. Key Words: Periodontal diseases, Infant, Low birth weight, Premature birth, Foetal growth retardation, Stillbirth, Pre-eclampsia.

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Introduction: Oral health is considered as being free from any kind of oraldisease. Objectives: To explore the LAYMAN’S PERSPECTIVE regarding oral health, hisawareness about oral diseases. To examine their attitude and beliefs regarding the maintenanceof oral health. Study Design: We conducted mixed study on educated and uneducated people.Study Period: 01 May, 2016 to 01 May, 2017 Study Place: Punjab dental hospital, Lahore.Material & Methods: Qualitative method was used to collect knowledge and perspective ofuneducated people. Quantitative method was used to collect data from educated people. Weinterviewed uneducated people in differenst places of Lahore and questionnaires were filled byeducated people. Results: 58% of educated people and majority of uneducated people thinkthey should visit dentist only at the time of need. 73% educated people said bleeding gumsare indicative of oral disease, while majority of uneducated people said it does not indicateoral disease. Educated people were somewhat more aware of oral health and oral diseasewhile uneducated people were unaware of even maintenance of oral health and its importance.Conclusion: Education makes the difference. Educated people have more awareness aboutoral health. Still awareness is needed a lot.

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… Introduction: Oral health is considered as being free from any kind of oral disease. Objectives: To explore the LAYMAN'S PERSPECTIVE regarding oral health, his awareness about oral diseases. To examine their attitude and beliefs regarding the maintenance of oral health. Study Design: We conducted mixed study on educated and uneducated people.